The associations of essential metal elements and their mixture with gallstone disease in Chinese older adults: The mediation role of superoxide dismutase

IF 7.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2025-06-14 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126678

Ziwei Tian , Xianglong Liu , Wenyuan Liu , Xuqiu Cheng , Yuantao Zhang , Yan Zhang , Xianwei Guo , Guimei Chen , Bing Hu , Changliu Liang , Chunmei Liang , Fangbiao Tao , Linsheng Yang

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Abstract

Prior research has yielded inconsistent results regarding the relationships between individual essential metal elements (EMEs) and gallstone disease (GSD). Furthermore, the association between the EME mixture and GSD, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remains poorly understood. We aimed to assess the associations between individual EMEs and their mixture with GSD, and to investigate the mediation roles of superoxide dismutase (SOD). A total of 3437 Chinese adults aged ≥60 years were included in this study. Urine levels of vanadium (V), strontium (Sr), selenium (Se), cobalt (Co), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and molybdenum (Mo) were detected by ICP-MS. GSD was determined using a combination of self-report and abdominal ultrasound. SOD was assessed using an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay device. Logistic regression, restricted cubic spline (RCS), quantile-based computation (QGC), and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were employed to assess individual and combined correlations of the EMEs with GSD. Further mediation analyses were conducted to investigate the mediating roles of SOD in aforementioned associations. Adjusted logistic regression revealed significant negative associations of Ca (OR = 0.84, 95 % CI: 0.72–0.99), Mg (OR = 0.86, 95 % CI: 0.76–0.99) with the odds of GSD. The RCS model demonstrated a negative linear association of Ca and Mg with the odds of GSD. Both the QGC and BKMR models showed a significant negative association between the EME mixture and the odds of GSD, with Ca and Mg contributing the most. Mediation analyses suggested that SOD mediated the correlation of the EME mixture with the decreased risk of GSD. In conclusion, the EME mixture is associated with a reduced risk of GSD in older adults, primarily driven by Ca and Mg. Additionally, the negative effect of EMEs on GSD risk may be partly mediated by SOD. Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.

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中国老年人必需金属元素及其混合物与胆结石疾病的关系：超氧化物歧化酶的中介作用

先前的研究对个体必需金属元素（EMEs）与胆结石疾病（GSD）之间的关系得出了不一致的结果。此外，EME混合物与GSD之间的关系以及潜在的机制仍然知之甚少。我们的目的是评估个体EMEs及其与GSD的混合之间的关系，并研究超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的中介作用。本研究共纳入3437名年龄≥60岁的中国成年人。采用ICP-MS检测尿中钒(V)、锶（Sr）、硒（Se）、钴（Co）、镁（Mg）、钙（Ca）和钼（Mo）的含量。采用自我报告和腹部超声联合测定GSD。采用自动化学发光免疫分析法检测SOD。采用Logistic回归、限制性三次样条（RCS）、分位数计算（QGC）和贝叶斯核机回归（BKMR）模型评估eme与GSD的个体和组合相关性。进一步的中介分析探讨了SOD在上述关联中的中介作用。调整后的logistic回归显示Ca （OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72-0.99）、Mg （OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.76-0.99）与GSD的几率呈显著负相关。RCS模型显示Ca和Mg与GSD几率呈负线性相关。QGC和BKMR模型均显示EME混合物与GSD几率呈显著负相关，其中Ca和Mg贡献最大。中介分析表明，SOD介导了EME混合物与GSD风险降低的相关性。EME混合物与老年人GSD风险降低相关，主要由Ca和Mg驱动。此外，EMEs对GSD风险的负面影响可能部分由SOD介导。需要进一步的前瞻性研究来验证这些发现。

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.