Isotonic Resistance Exercise Outperforms Eccentric Quasi-Isometric Resistance Exercise for Increasing Elbow Flexor Muscle Thickness and Estimated One-Repetition Maximum in Untrained Individuals: Exploring the Influence of Sex and Volume.

Zachariah Henderson, Shizhen Wang, Stephen Cornish, Trisha D Scribbans
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Abstract

As a novel, low-velocity resistance exercise method, eccentric quasi-isometric resistance exercise (EQI-RE) results in greater time under tension than traditional isotonic resistance exercise (TRD-RE) and is surmised to increase muscle mass and strength. However, females may be more fatigue resistant than males when performing acute EQI-RE, which could lead to long-term differences in time under tension and resistance exercise volume. At present, studies have yet to compare muscle hypertrophy or strength improvements following TRD-RE and EQI-RE training, and whether sex-differences exist in these outcomes. Twenty-two (n = 13 females) untrained individuals completed ~8-weeks of effort matched unilateral TRD-RE and EQI-RE of the elbow flexors. Muscle thickness and estimated one-repetition maximum (E-1RM) were evaluated before and after training. TRD-RE produced significantly larger relative increases in muscle thickness (6.7% ± 3.9% vs. 4.0 ± 3.3%, p =.004) and E-1RM (19.6 ± 8.5% vs. 12.8 ± 6.2%, p = .001) than EQI-RE. Although females accrued greater resistance exercise volume than males across the TRD-RE and EQI-RE training, there were no relative sex-differences in muscle thickness or E-1RM improvements (p > .25). Sex-differences in fatiguability may therefore manifest in differences in resistance exercise volume between males and females after 8-weeks of TRD-RE and EQI-RE of the elbow flexors, but this does not lead to relative differences in muscle thickness or E-1RM improvements. Although EQI-RE did produce significant increases, TRD-RE of the elbow flexors appears more effective at increasing muscle thickness and E-1RM.

在增加未训练个体肘关节屈肌厚度和估计单次重复最大值方面,等张阻力运动优于偏心准等距阻力运动:探索性别和容量的影响。
偏心准等距阻力运动(EQI-RE)是一种新型的低速阻力运动方式,与传统的等渗阻力运动(TRD-RE)相比,其拉伸时间更长,可以增加肌肉质量和力量。然而,在进行急性EQI-RE时,女性可能比男性更耐疲劳,这可能导致在紧张和阻力运动量下的时间上的长期差异。目前,研究尚未比较TRD-RE和EQI-RE训练后肌肉肥大或力量改善,以及这些结果是否存在性别差异。22名(n = 13名女性)未经训练的个体完成了约8周的努力,与单侧肘关节屈肌TRD-RE和EQI-RE相匹配。在训练前后评估肌肉厚度和估计的单次重复最大值(E-1RM)。与EQI-RE相比,TRD-RE可显著增加肌肉厚度(6.7%±3.9% vs. 4.0±3.3%,p = 0.004)和E-1RM(19.6±8.5% vs. 12.8±6.2%,p = 0.001)。尽管女性在TRD-RE和EQI-RE训练中积累了比男性更多的阻力运动量,但在肌肉厚度或E-1RM改善方面没有相对的性别差异(p < 0.05)。因此,在进行8周的屈肘TRD-RE和EQI-RE训练后,男性和女性在抗阻运动量上的差异可能表现为疲劳性的性别差异,但这不会导致肌肉厚度或E-1RM改善的相对差异。虽然EQI-RE确实产生了显著的增加,但肘关节屈肌TRD-RE似乎在增加肌肉厚度和E-1RM方面更有效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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