Revealing the potential of extracted Tamarindus indica seed as a biocoagulant for aquaculture wastewater treatment: Effect of solvent type, concentration, dose, and toxicity assessment

IF 6 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Setyo Budi Kurniawan , Azzahra Aulia Haya , Thin Soedarti , Eko Prasetyo Kuncoro , Łukasz Sługocki , Kacper Nowakowski , Peer Mohamed Abdul , Muhammad Fauzul Imron
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aquaculture wastewater contains high levels of organic matter and nutrients, which can be harmful to aquatic life if discharged improperly into surface water bodies. Coagulation-flocculation is currently the best practice for treating aquaculture effluent with biocoagulants, offering an alternative to metal-based coagulants. This study aims to investigate the potential of Tamarindus indica seeds as a biocoagulant for treating aquaculture wastewater, focusing on the optimal solvent extraction, concentration, and dose. This study also examines the toxicity of biocoagulants to aquatic organisms. Coagulation-flocculation study was conducted under jar test experiment with NaCl, NaOH, and HCl used as solvents; concentration of 0-10 g/L; and doses of 1-5 % v/v under 120 rpm (rotation per minute) rapid mixing for 1 min, 20 rpm slow mixing for 20 mins, and 60 mins sedimentation time. A characterization study showed that NaCl-treated T. indica has a positive zeta potential charge, attributed to the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amide functional groups. Under this optimum condition (NaCl-extract, 6 g/L, and 4 % v/v), the biocoagulant achieved high removal (>50 %) of turbidity, TSS (total suspended solid), and ammonia and considerably good removal of other parameters (TN [total nitrogen], BOD5 [biological oxygen demand], COD [chemical oxygen demand]). The toxicity test revealed that no mortality was observed at a concentration of 1 g/L, whereas 10 g/L resulted in a 100 % mortality rate after 24 hours of exposure. Further toxicity analysis is suggested to be conducted using treated final effluent (not directly using biocoagulant substances) to observe the direct impact of the treated wastewater if discharged into the water bodies.
揭示柽柳种子提取物作为水产养殖废水生物混凝剂的潜力:溶剂类型、浓度、剂量和毒性评估的影响
水产养殖废水中含有大量的有机物和营养物质,如果不适当地排放到地表水体中,可能对水生生物有害。混凝絮凝是目前用生物混凝剂处理水产养殖废水的最佳做法,为金属基混凝剂提供了一种替代方案。本研究旨在探讨柽柳种子作为生物混凝剂处理水产养殖废水的潜力,重点研究最佳溶剂提取、浓度和剂量。本研究还探讨了生物混凝剂对水生生物的毒性。以NaCl、NaOH、HCl为溶剂,进行了混凝-絮凝试验;0-10 g/L;剂量为1- 5% v/v,在120 RPM(每分钟转数)下快速混合1分钟,20 RPM慢速混合20分钟,沉淀时间60分钟。一项表征研究表明,nacl处理的印度稻具有正的zeta电位,这归因于羟基、羰基和酰胺官能团的存在。在此最佳条件下(nacl萃取物,6 g/L, 4% v/v),生物混凝剂对浊度、总悬浮固体(TSS)和氨的去除率达到50%,对其他参数(TN[总氮]、BOD5[生物需氧量]、COD[化学需氧量])的去除率也相当好。毒性试验表明,浓度为1 g/L时未观察到死亡,而浓度为10 g/L时,接触24小时后死亡率为100%。建议使用处理后的最终出水(不直接使用生物混凝剂物质)进行进一步的毒性分析,以观察处理后的废水排放到水体中的直接影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Results in Engineering
Results in Engineering Engineering-Engineering (all)
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
34.00%
发文量
441
审稿时长
47 days
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