Jingyun Wang, Reed M Jost, Brooke A Koritala, Eileen E Birch
{"title":"Longitudinal development of ocular biometric components and refractive error in children with hyperopic anisometropia.","authors":"Jingyun Wang, Reed M Jost, Brooke A Koritala, Eileen E Birch","doi":"10.1111/opo.13541","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the longitudinal development of spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and ocular biometric components in the more hyperopic (MoreH) and less hyperopic (LessH) eyes of children with hyperopic anisometropia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective longitudinal study included 36 children aged 4 to <13 years with hyperopic anisometropia without strabismus. Based on a best-corrected interocular visual acuity difference ≥0.20 logMAR, participants were classified as amblyopic (N = 31) or non-amblyopic (N = 5). SER was derived from cycloplegic refraction and anisometropia was defined as an interocular SER difference ≥1 D. Axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and keratometry (K1, K2) were obtained. Corneal curvature (CR) was calculated and the AL/CR ratio determined. Mean follow-up was 3.7 ± 1.4 years, with 5.8 ± 2.4 visits per child. A linear mixed-effects model estimated the rate of change for SER and the ocular components, comparing the MoreH and LessH eyes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline anisometropia was 2.66 ± 1.22 D. There were significant differences between the MoreH and LessH eyes for baseline AL, ACD and AL/CR (all p < 0.05). SER change with age was slower for the MoreH than the LessH eyes (-0.11 vs. -0.31 D/year, p < 0.001). The rates of change for AL (0.11 vs. 0.19 mm/year, p < 0.05) and AL/CR (0.01 vs. 0.02, p < 0.001) also were slower for the MoreH eyes. Anisometropia increased with age in the amblyopic subgroup (0.08 D/year) and decreased in the non-amblyopic subgroup (-0.17/D/year; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In children with hyperopic anisometropia, axial elongation was slower in the MoreH than in the LessH eyes, particularly in those with amblyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":520731,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.13541","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the longitudinal development of spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and ocular biometric components in the more hyperopic (MoreH) and less hyperopic (LessH) eyes of children with hyperopic anisometropia.
Methods: This prospective longitudinal study included 36 children aged 4 to <13 years with hyperopic anisometropia without strabismus. Based on a best-corrected interocular visual acuity difference ≥0.20 logMAR, participants were classified as amblyopic (N = 31) or non-amblyopic (N = 5). SER was derived from cycloplegic refraction and anisometropia was defined as an interocular SER difference ≥1 D. Axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and keratometry (K1, K2) were obtained. Corneal curvature (CR) was calculated and the AL/CR ratio determined. Mean follow-up was 3.7 ± 1.4 years, with 5.8 ± 2.4 visits per child. A linear mixed-effects model estimated the rate of change for SER and the ocular components, comparing the MoreH and LessH eyes.
Results: Baseline anisometropia was 2.66 ± 1.22 D. There were significant differences between the MoreH and LessH eyes for baseline AL, ACD and AL/CR (all p < 0.05). SER change with age was slower for the MoreH than the LessH eyes (-0.11 vs. -0.31 D/year, p < 0.001). The rates of change for AL (0.11 vs. 0.19 mm/year, p < 0.05) and AL/CR (0.01 vs. 0.02, p < 0.001) also were slower for the MoreH eyes. Anisometropia increased with age in the amblyopic subgroup (0.08 D/year) and decreased in the non-amblyopic subgroup (-0.17/D/year; p < 0.001).
Conclusions: In children with hyperopic anisometropia, axial elongation was slower in the MoreH than in the LessH eyes, particularly in those with amblyopia.