A New Approach to Haemodialysis: Nurse-Led Dual Intervention Eases AV-Fistula Puncture Pain and Discomfort.

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 10% of the global population and often progresses to end-stage renal disease, necessitating hemodialysis. Arteriovenous (AV) fistula puncture is a routine yet painful procedure, highlighting the need for effective pain management strategies.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Nurse-Led Dual Intervention, combining cryotherapy and virtual reality, in reducing pain and discomfort during AV fistula puncture among hemodialysis patients.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 60 hemodialysis patients assigned to either an experimental or control group. Pain and discomfort were assessed using McGill's Pain Rating Scale and Borg's Perceived Discomfort Rating Scale. The intervention involved the simultaneous application of cryotherapy and virtual reality distraction during AV fistula puncture, while the control group received standard care.

Results: Post-intervention analysis demonstrated a 43.62% reduction in symptom scores in the experimental group compared to a 2.80% reduction in the control group. Significant decreases in pain intensity and discomfort scores were observed in the experimental group. Additionally, statistical analysis revealed meaningful associations between socio-demographic variables and pain management outcomes.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that integrating non-pharmacological interventions, such as cryotherapy and virtual reality, can significantly improve patient comfort and quality of life during hemodialysis. Future research should explore the broader clinical applications of this dual intervention for pain management in various healthcare settings.