Tailoring Polymeric Scaffolds with Buddleja globosa Extract for Dual Antimicrobial and Biocompatible Wound Healing Applications.

Abstract

Integrating traditional herbal extracts into modern biomaterials offers a promising route for advanced wound care. A standardized Buddleja globosa Hope extract (BG-126), recognized for its therapeutic value, was incorporated into polymeric scaffolds with variable composition to explore their potential in promoting wound healing and controlling infections. This work aimed to identify the polymeric composition of a scaffold with BG-126 that maximizes its compatibility and antimicrobial properties. Scaffolds were developed by lyophilization using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) with chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and gelatin content as study factors. Thirteen scaffold formulations were tested for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including biofilm forms, as well as for their biocompatibility with normal human fibroblasts. Structural and physical properties, such as the moisture content and swelling capacity, were evaluated. The best-performing scaffold was analyzed using Raman spectroscopy. The chitosan content was strongly associated with antimicrobial efficacy, while gelatin enhanced fibroblast compatibility (R² ≥ 0.9). No correlations were identified between the polymeric content and biofilm inhibition or physical properties. BG-126-loaded scaffolds reduced planktonic and biofilm proliferation and improved fibroblast compatibility compared to the control scaffold (without BG-126). The results support the rational design of botanical-loaded scaffolds with targeted properties for wound healing.