Aging-related dysregulation of energy metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics in microglia.

IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-11 DOI:10.3164/jcbn.24-202
Yoki Nakamura, Manaya Nakano, Kazue Hisaoka-Nakashima, Norimitsu Morioka
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Microglia, the primary immune cells of the central nervous system, play a pivotal role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of microglial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of various age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Moreover, the metabolic state of microglia has emerged as a key factor in these diseases. Interestingly, aging and neurodegenerative diseases are associated with impaired mitochondrial function and a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis in microglia. This metabolic shift may contribute to sustained microglial activation and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, the leakage of mitochondrial DNA into the cytoplasm, because of mitochondrial dysfunction, has been implicated in triggering inflammatory responses and disrupting brain function. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of microglial metabolic shifts, particularly glycolysis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. It also explores the potential of targeting microglial metabolism, for instance by modulating mitophagy or intervening in specific metabolic pathways, as a novel therapeutic approach for changes in brain function and neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging.

衰老相关的小胶质细胞能量代谢和线粒体动力学失调。
小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的主要免疫细胞,在维持大脑稳态中起着关键作用。最近的研究强调了小胶质细胞功能障碍在各种与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病(如阿尔茨海默病)的发病机制中的作用。此外,小胶质细胞的代谢状态已成为这些疾病的关键因素。有趣的是,衰老和神经退行性疾病与线粒体功能受损以及小胶质细胞中从氧化磷酸化到糖酵解的代谢转变有关。这种代谢转变可能有助于持续的小胶质细胞激活和神经炎症。此外,由于线粒体功能障碍,线粒体DNA渗漏到细胞质中,与引发炎症反应和破坏脑功能有关。本文综述了最近在理解小胶质细胞代谢变化,特别是糖酵解和线粒体功能障碍的作用方面的进展。它还探索了靶向小胶质细胞代谢的潜力,例如通过调节有丝分裂或干预特定的代谢途径,作为脑功能变化和与衰老相关的神经退行性疾病的新治疗方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
8.30%
发文量
57
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (JCBN) is an international, interdisciplinary publication encompassing chemical, biochemical, physiological, pathological, toxicological and medical approaches to research on lipid peroxidation, free radicals, oxidative stress and nutrition. The Journal welcomes original contributions dealing with all aspects of clinical biochemistry and clinical nutrition including both in vitro and in vivo studies.
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