COVID-19 impacts on coastal Fishers in Bangladesh: An assessment of impacts and adaptive strategies

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant health and socio-economic disruptions, affecting the coastal communities of Bangladesh, which are mainly dependent on fishing for their livelihoods. This study investigated the impact and long-term consequences of COVID-19 and the strategies adopted by coastal and marine fishers in the Southeastern coastal region of Bangladesh comprising Chattogram, Moheshkhali, Cox's Bazar, and Teknaf. Primary data were collected via face-to-face interviews and Focus Group Discussions with different stakeholders. Communities in remote Moheshkhali Island and Teknaf areas were the most affected. The lack of minimal transportation, ban on fishing activities, the closure of fish traders/buyers (Beparis), the lack of wholesalers (fish arats), the closing of fish processing centers, and the lack of ice, etc., all affected fishers' income and livelihoods during the pandemic. Fishers shortened their monthly and daily fishing activities, which caused loss/reduced profit and increased livelihood hardships. Fishers adopted diverse coping mechanisms through poultry farming and handicraft production, utilizing mobile phone-based platforms for direct marketing and sales, changing their gear, and fishing methods during COVID-19. The study provides valuable insights into the far-reaching consequences of the pandemic on coastal and marine fisheries, emphasizing the need for focused interventions and long-term strategies to safeguard the livelihoods of fishers, and ensure sustainability against future crises. Bangladeshi artisanal fishers need support to improve their livelihood, education, and access to professional health facilities and financial services.