Maísa Ganz Sanchez Sennes, Laura Machado Lara Carvalho, Matheus Augusto Araújo Castro, Giovana Manilli Toccoli, Sofia de Oliveira Farias, Davi Mendes Campo Fialho, Eny Maria Goloni Bertollo, Erika Cristina Pavarino, Larissa Sampaio de Athayde, Cecilia Barbosa Buck, Maria Betânia Pereira Toralles, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Mariluce Riegel-Giugliani, Gustavo Marquezani Spolador, Paulo Alberto Otto, Caroline Brandão Piai, Fernando Kok, Ceres Schmitz Cechella, Carla Rosenberg, Juan Clinton Llerena, Débora Romeo Bertola, Salmo Raskin, Chong Ae Kim, Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi
{"title":"Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Xia-Gibbs Syndrome: Expanding the Phenotypic Spectrum in a Brazilian Cohort.","authors":"Maísa Ganz Sanchez Sennes, Laura Machado Lara Carvalho, Matheus Augusto Araújo Castro, Giovana Manilli Toccoli, Sofia de Oliveira Farias, Davi Mendes Campo Fialho, Eny Maria Goloni Bertollo, Erika Cristina Pavarino, Larissa Sampaio de Athayde, Cecilia Barbosa Buck, Maria Betânia Pereira Toralles, Maria Isabel Melaragno, Mariluce Riegel-Giugliani, Gustavo Marquezani Spolador, Paulo Alberto Otto, Caroline Brandão Piai, Fernando Kok, Ceres Schmitz Cechella, Carla Rosenberg, Juan Clinton Llerena, Débora Romeo Bertola, Salmo Raskin, Chong Ae Kim, Ana Cristina Victorino Krepischi","doi":"10.1111/cge.14777","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Xia-Gibbs syndrome (XGS) is a rare intellectual disability (ID) syndrome caused by de novo AHDC1 pathogenic variants. We characterized clinical and molecular features of 16 Brazilian patients with XGS. Patient data were collected through semistructured interviews with family members, reanalysis of previous health and genetic assessments, and clinical reports from physicians. Genomic variants and their segregation were validated via Sanger sequencing. Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate genotype-phenotype associations. Twelve novel AHDC1 causative variants were documented. ID, hypotonia, motor developmental delay, and varied nonspecific facial dysmorphisms were observed in all patients, while speech impairment and autism spectrum disorder were present in nearly all. Three frequent phenotypes, not previously reported, were identified: hyperphagia/food obsession, genital/gonadal alterations in males, and shortening of the Achilles tendon. Additionally, our findings provide statistically significant support for previously reported genotype-phenotype associations between pathogenic variants in the first half of the AHDC1 coding region and the occurrence of epilepsy and scoliosis. We also propose a novel association between N-terminal variants and developmental regression. In summary, our results broaden the clinical phenotype of XGS, with musculoskeletal and genital/gonadal abnormalities highlighting the multisystem involvement in this condition, beyond neurodevelopmental deficits. Comprehensive phenotypic assessments in all identified XGS cases are recommended to accurately recognize and associate novel clinical signs with XGS.</p>","PeriodicalId":10354,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical Genetics","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cge.14777","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GENETICS & HEREDITY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Xia-Gibbs syndrome (XGS) is a rare intellectual disability (ID) syndrome caused by de novo AHDC1 pathogenic variants. We characterized clinical and molecular features of 16 Brazilian patients with XGS. Patient data were collected through semistructured interviews with family members, reanalysis of previous health and genetic assessments, and clinical reports from physicians. Genomic variants and their segregation were validated via Sanger sequencing. Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate genotype-phenotype associations. Twelve novel AHDC1 causative variants were documented. ID, hypotonia, motor developmental delay, and varied nonspecific facial dysmorphisms were observed in all patients, while speech impairment and autism spectrum disorder were present in nearly all. Three frequent phenotypes, not previously reported, were identified: hyperphagia/food obsession, genital/gonadal alterations in males, and shortening of the Achilles tendon. Additionally, our findings provide statistically significant support for previously reported genotype-phenotype associations between pathogenic variants in the first half of the AHDC1 coding region and the occurrence of epilepsy and scoliosis. We also propose a novel association between N-terminal variants and developmental regression. In summary, our results broaden the clinical phenotype of XGS, with musculoskeletal and genital/gonadal abnormalities highlighting the multisystem involvement in this condition, beyond neurodevelopmental deficits. Comprehensive phenotypic assessments in all identified XGS cases are recommended to accurately recognize and associate novel clinical signs with XGS.
期刊介绍:
Clinical Genetics links research to the clinic, translating advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of genetic disease for the practising clinical geneticist. The journal publishes high quality research papers, short reports, reviews and mini-reviews that connect medical genetics research with clinical practice.
Topics of particular interest are:
• Linking genetic variations to disease
• Genome rearrangements and disease
• Epigenetics and disease
• The translation of genotype to phenotype
• Genetics of complex disease
• Management/intervention of genetic diseases
• Novel therapies for genetic diseases
• Developmental biology, as it relates to clinical genetics
• Social science research on the psychological and behavioural aspects of living with or being at risk of genetic disease