Organic Transistor-Based Biosensors for Viral RNA Detection and Variant Monitoring: From SARS-CoV-2 to Effective Management of Future Pandemics

Abstract

The COVID-19 crisis has defined the need of novel approaches for a straightforward management of pandemic and epidemic conditions. Here, an approach based on electronic sensing of viral RNA is proposed for both virus detection and variant tracking. The sensing strategy of the Organic Charge-Modulated Field-Effect Transistor (OCMFET) is employed for the development of a multi-sensing platform, capable of parallel evaluation of control references and investigated samples. PCR-free detection of viral genomic RNA is demonstrated at different target concentrations, with optimal discrimination with respect to negative control. Moreover, the same approach is feasible for virus variant tracking, as a screening strategy for mutation detection in PCR-amplified samples: the approach can be used for a rationalization of RNA sequencing procedures, which are difficult to perform in the acute phases of pandemics, but are fundamental for an effective pandemic management. The results pave the way for novel strategies to enhance cost-effectiveness, easiness-of-use in combination with selectivity and sensitivity in virus detection during severe pandemic conditions, and a more effective variant tracking by optimizing the access to sequencing resources even during the acute phases of pandemic.