Preparation and Evaluation of Digital 3D-Printed PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG Composite Bone Tissue-Engineering Scaffold for Enhanced Osteogenic and Antibacterial Properties

IF 4.7 2区 化学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Yaru Diao, Li Li, Yaoxiang Xu, Yanshan Liu, Ruxi Sun, Liqiang Chen, Yupeng Wu, Xiaohan Gao, Wenhao Cheng, Chen Chen*, Zexian Xu* and Jian Sun*, 
{"title":"Preparation and Evaluation of Digital 3D-Printed PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG Composite Bone Tissue-Engineering Scaffold for Enhanced Osteogenic and Antibacterial Properties","authors":"Yaru Diao,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Yaoxiang Xu,&nbsp;Yanshan Liu,&nbsp;Ruxi Sun,&nbsp;Liqiang Chen,&nbsp;Yupeng Wu,&nbsp;Xiaohan Gao,&nbsp;Wenhao Cheng,&nbsp;Chen Chen*,&nbsp;Zexian Xu* and Jian Sun*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c0019810.1021/acsapm.5c00198","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p >In bone tissue reconstruction, infection is a critical limiting factor affecting treatment efficacy. So it is necessary to introduce antibacterial agents onto scaffold surfaces for functional modification while balancing osteoblast activity. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their exceptional osteogenic properties and drug-loading capacity, emerge as ideal materials. Digital 3D printing technology was employed to composite CNTs loaded with the antibacterial agent chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) with polylactic acid-nano hydroxyapatite (PLA/nHA), and a novel composite scaffold with a controllable porous structure (PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG) was successfully constructed. TEM observations revealed the hollow structure of CNTs, while XPS, XRD, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption tests, and TGA confirmed successful CG loading. SEM analysis demonstrated the porous network-like structure of PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG scaffolds, exhibiting compressive strength of (8.44 ± 0.24) MPa. Initial biosafety validation through CCK-8 assay, live/dead cell staining, and hemocompatibility tests confirmed good biocompatibility. Cell adhesion experiments demonstrated enhanced cellular attachment on PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG scaffolds. Osteogenic performance tests revealed that CNTs incorporation improved MC3T3-E1 cell osteogenic differentiation, with CG presence not compromising scaffold osteogenic activity. Antibacterial experiments demonstrated potent antibacterial effects against both <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>). The PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG composite scaffold demonstrates dual functionality in infectious bone defect repair by simultaneously promoting bone regeneration and exerting antibacterial effects, providing novel insights for designing bone repair materials for infected defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 11","pages":"6692–6705 6692–6705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsapm.5c00198","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

In bone tissue reconstruction, infection is a critical limiting factor affecting treatment efficacy. So it is necessary to introduce antibacterial agents onto scaffold surfaces for functional modification while balancing osteoblast activity. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their exceptional osteogenic properties and drug-loading capacity, emerge as ideal materials. Digital 3D printing technology was employed to composite CNTs loaded with the antibacterial agent chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) with polylactic acid-nano hydroxyapatite (PLA/nHA), and a novel composite scaffold with a controllable porous structure (PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG) was successfully constructed. TEM observations revealed the hollow structure of CNTs, while XPS, XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption tests, and TGA confirmed successful CG loading. SEM analysis demonstrated the porous network-like structure of PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG scaffolds, exhibiting compressive strength of (8.44 ± 0.24) MPa. Initial biosafety validation through CCK-8 assay, live/dead cell staining, and hemocompatibility tests confirmed good biocompatibility. Cell adhesion experiments demonstrated enhanced cellular attachment on PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG scaffolds. Osteogenic performance tests revealed that CNTs incorporation improved MC3T3-E1 cell osteogenic differentiation, with CG presence not compromising scaffold osteogenic activity. Antibacterial experiments demonstrated potent antibacterial effects against both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). The PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG composite scaffold demonstrates dual functionality in infectious bone defect repair by simultaneously promoting bone regeneration and exerting antibacterial effects, providing novel insights for designing bone repair materials for infected defects.

Abstract Image

数字3d打印PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG复合骨组织工程支架的制备与评价
在骨组织重建中,感染是影响治疗效果的关键限制因素。因此,在平衡成骨细胞活性的同时,有必要在支架表面引入抗菌剂进行功能修饰。碳纳米管(CNTs)以其优异的成骨性能和载药能力成为理想的材料。采用数字3D打印技术将负载抗菌剂葡萄糖酸氯己定(CG)的碳纳米管与聚乳酸-纳米羟基磷灰石(PLA/nHA)复合,成功构建了具有可控多孔结构的新型复合支架(PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG)。TEM观察显示CNTs为空心结构,而XPS、XRD、N2吸附-解吸和TGA测试证实了CG加载成功。SEM分析表明,PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG支架具有多孔网状结构,抗压强度为(8.44±0.24)MPa。通过CCK-8试验、活细胞/死细胞染色和血液相容性试验进行的初步生物安全性验证证实了良好的生物相容性。细胞粘附实验表明,PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG支架增强了细胞粘附。成骨性能测试显示,CNTs掺入改善了MC3T3-E1细胞的成骨分化,而CG的存在不影响支架的成骨活性。抗菌实验表明,对金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)和大肠杆菌(E. coli)均有较强的抗菌作用。PLA/nHA/CNTs-CG复合支架在促进骨再生的同时发挥抗菌作用,在感染性骨缺损修复中表现出双重功能,为感染性骨缺损修复材料的设计提供了新的思路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
6.00%
发文量
810
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Polymer Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of engineering, chemistry, physics, and biology relevant to applications of polymers. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates fundamental knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, polymer science and chemistry into important polymer applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses relationships among structure, processing, morphology, chemistry, properties, and function as well as work that provide insights into mechanisms critical to the performance of the polymer for applications.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信