Update on synthetic biomaterials combined with fibrin derivatives for regenerative medicine: Applications in bone defect treatment: Systematic review.

Abstract

Background: Bone regeneration is a central focus of regenerative medicine, with applications in orthopedics and dentistry, particularly for treating bone defects caused by trauma, infection, or congenital anomalies. Synthetic biomaterials, often combined with fibrin derivatives, offer promising solutions for bone healing and restoration.

Aim: To Explore the increasingly important role of the association of synthetic biomaterials with fibrin in bone regeneration.

Methods: Search terms included: "synthetic biomaterials AND fibrin sealant", "hydroxyapatite AND fibrin sealant", "tricalcium phosphate AND fibrin sealant", and "synthetic biomaterials AND platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)", resulting in 67 articles. After rigorous screening, 21 articles met the inclusion criteria.

Results: The reviewed studies assessed biomaterials like hydroxyapatite (HA), β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), and fibrin-based products. Key findings highlighted the enhanced osteoconductivity and biocompatibility of HA and β-TCP, especially when combined with fibrin sealants. These composites show significant potential for improving cellular adhesion, promoting osteogenic differentiation, and accelerating bone regeneration. The antimicrobial properties and structural support for cell growth of certain biomaterials indicate a promising potential for clinical applications.

Conclusion: This systematic review emphasizes the growing role of fibrin-based biomaterials in bone regeneration and urges continued research to improve their clinical use for complex bone defects.