{"title":"Integrated peloton and fruiting body isotope data shed light on mycoheterotrophic interactions in Gastrodia pubilabiata (Orchidaceae).","authors":"Kenji Suetsugu, Hidehito Okada","doi":"10.1007/s00572-025-01213-8","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mycoheterotrophic nutritional mode, characterized by the acquisition of fungal-derived carbon by plants, has long captivated botanists and mycologists. Recent stable isotope analyses of fungal pelotons isolated from roots have advanced our understanding of this nutritional strategy; however, concerns remain regarding potential isotopic biases, particularly <sup>15</sup>N depletion during lysis or extraction. To address these concerns, we focused on Gastrodia pubilabiata, a fully mycoheterotrophic orchid that associates with saprotrophic fungi. This species offers an ideal system to test whether peloton tissues reliably reflect fungal isotope signatures, as its mycorrhizal roots occasionally occur in direct contact with the fruiting bodies of its fungal partner. We measured δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N values in the aboveground tissues of G. pubilabiata, pelotons extracted from its roots, and fruiting bodies of the associated wood-decaying fungus Cyanotrama gypsea, along with neighboring autotrophic reference plants. The stable isotope analysis revealed that δ<sup>13</sup>C values were nearly identical between pelotons and fruiting bodies, while δ<sup>15</sup>N values were slightly higher in pelotons, indicating that peloton-derived isotopic data reliably reflect the fungal source. Moreover, the <sup>13</sup>C and <sup>15</sup>N enrichment observed in the orchid relative to the fungal fractions was broadly consistent with expected trophic-level fractionation, suggesting a predator-prey-like mode of nutrient transfer. Taken together, these findings support the validity of recently developed isotope-based approaches using extracted pelotons to represent fungal isotopic signatures, at least within this system.</p>","PeriodicalId":18965,"journal":{"name":"Mycorrhiza","volume":"35 3","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12158851/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mycorrhiza","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-025-01213-8","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MYCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The mycoheterotrophic nutritional mode, characterized by the acquisition of fungal-derived carbon by plants, has long captivated botanists and mycologists. Recent stable isotope analyses of fungal pelotons isolated from roots have advanced our understanding of this nutritional strategy; however, concerns remain regarding potential isotopic biases, particularly 15N depletion during lysis or extraction. To address these concerns, we focused on Gastrodia pubilabiata, a fully mycoheterotrophic orchid that associates with saprotrophic fungi. This species offers an ideal system to test whether peloton tissues reliably reflect fungal isotope signatures, as its mycorrhizal roots occasionally occur in direct contact with the fruiting bodies of its fungal partner. We measured δ13C and δ15N values in the aboveground tissues of G. pubilabiata, pelotons extracted from its roots, and fruiting bodies of the associated wood-decaying fungus Cyanotrama gypsea, along with neighboring autotrophic reference plants. The stable isotope analysis revealed that δ13C values were nearly identical between pelotons and fruiting bodies, while δ15N values were slightly higher in pelotons, indicating that peloton-derived isotopic data reliably reflect the fungal source. Moreover, the 13C and 15N enrichment observed in the orchid relative to the fungal fractions was broadly consistent with expected trophic-level fractionation, suggesting a predator-prey-like mode of nutrient transfer. Taken together, these findings support the validity of recently developed isotope-based approaches using extracted pelotons to represent fungal isotopic signatures, at least within this system.
期刊介绍:
Mycorrhiza is an international journal devoted to research into mycorrhizas - the widest symbioses in nature, involving plants and a range of soil fungi world-wide. The scope of Mycorrhiza covers all aspects of research into mycorrhizas, including molecular biology of the plants and fungi, fungal systematics, development and structure of mycorrhizas, and effects on plant physiology, productivity, reproduction and disease resistance. The scope also includes interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and other soil organisms and effects of mycorrhizas on plant biodiversity and ecosystem structure.
Mycorrhiza contains original papers, short notes and review articles, along with commentaries and news items. It forms a platform for new concepts and discussions, and is a basis for a truly international forum of mycorrhizologists from all over the world.