Effects of a group-based compassion microintervention compared to cognitive reappraisal training on cardiovascular, self-reported, and behavioral stress reactivity among young adults: A cluster randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Heightened stress reactivity, particularly heightened blood pressure (BP) reactivity, during emerging adulthood predicts future adverse cardiovascular health. Coping skill interventions for young adults may buffer against stress reactivity. This study tested the stress-buffering effects of a group-based 40-min compassion skills microintervention compared to a time-matched cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) skills control group. The compassion intervention included psychoeducation about compassion and a guided practice focused on cultivating compassion for a close other and for the self. The CBT skills group included psychoeducation about thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and a guided worksheet activity focused on practicing cognitive reappraisal strategies. Young adults (n = 50) were cluster randomized to the compassion or CBT skills group. Participants attended a lab visit, completed their assigned intervention, and underwent the group-based Trier Social Stress Test (TSST-G). Systolic and diastolic BP, heart rate, self-reported stress, and behavioral responses were assessed. Compared to cognitive reappraisal, participants in the compassion microintervention exhibited lower diastolic BP reactivity, less BP hyperreactivity (i.e., responses ≥20 and ≥15 mmHg for systolic and diastolic BP, respectively) and fewer observable stress behaviors to the TSST-G. Compassion skills are a promising area of research for stress management and cardiovascular health prevention among young adults.