A dual-process model to explain the influence of decision-making failure on workers’ unsafe behavior: Conscientiousness and consideration of future consequences as moderators

IF 3.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ERGONOMICS

Journal of Safety Research Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI:10.1016/j.jsr.2025.06.010

Qingting Xiang , Yang Liu , Gui Ye , Yang Miang Goh , Weiyi Cong , Haobin Yang

{"title":"A dual-process model to explain the influence of decision-making failure on workers’ unsafe behavior: Conscientiousness and consideration of future consequences as moderators","authors":"Qingting Xiang , Yang Liu , Gui Ye , Yang Miang Goh , Weiyi Cong , Haobin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsr.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Decision-making failure is a critical factor influencing workers’ unsafe behavior. While previous research has predominantly concentrated on rational decision-making failures, it has largely ignored the impact of irrational decision-making failures and the mechanisms through which these failures contribute to unsafe behaviors. This oversight limits our understanding of how unsafe behavior develops. Utilizing dual-process theory and the prototype willingness model, this study distinguishes between two types of decision-making failures: unsafe behavioral intention (reflecting rational decision-making failure) and unsafe behavioral willingness (reflecting irrational decision-making failure). We examined how these failures influence workers’ unsafe behavior and explored the moderating effects of conscientiousness and consideration of future consequences on these relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data were gathered from 446 construction workers through a questionnaire survey. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results revealed that: (1) both unsafe behavioral intention and unsafe behavioral willingness significantly and positively affected workers’ unsafe behavior; (2) unsafe behavioral intention mediated the relationship between unsafe behavioral willingness and unsafe behavior; (3) conscientiousness negatively moderated the link between unsafe behavioral intention and unsafe behavior; and (4) the moderating effect of consideration of future consequences on the relationship between unsafe behavioral willingness and unsafe behavior was not supported.</div></div><div><h3>Practical Applications</h3><div>This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the relationship between decision-making failures and unsafe behavior, elucidates the underlying mechanisms, and offers targeted strategies for managing unsafe behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48224,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Safety Research","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 35-47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Safety Research","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022437525000829","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ERGONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Decision-making failure is a critical factor influencing workers’ unsafe behavior. While previous research has predominantly concentrated on rational decision-making failures, it has largely ignored the impact of irrational decision-making failures and the mechanisms through which these failures contribute to unsafe behaviors. This oversight limits our understanding of how unsafe behavior develops. Utilizing dual-process theory and the prototype willingness model, this study distinguishes between two types of decision-making failures: unsafe behavioral intention (reflecting rational decision-making failure) and unsafe behavioral willingness (reflecting irrational decision-making failure). We examined how these failures influence workers’ unsafe behavior and explored the moderating effects of conscientiousness and consideration of future consequences on these relationships.

Method

Data were gathered from 446 construction workers through a questionnaire survey. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses.

Results

The results revealed that: (1) both unsafe behavioral intention and unsafe behavioral willingness significantly and positively affected workers’ unsafe behavior; (2) unsafe behavioral intention mediated the relationship between unsafe behavioral willingness and unsafe behavior; (3) conscientiousness negatively moderated the link between unsafe behavioral intention and unsafe behavior; and (4) the moderating effect of consideration of future consequences on the relationship between unsafe behavioral willingness and unsafe behavior was not supported.

Practical Applications

This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the relationship between decision-making failures and unsafe behavior, elucidates the underlying mechanisms, and offers targeted strategies for managing unsafe behaviors.

查看原文本刊更多论文

一个解释决策失败对工人不安全行为影响的双过程模型：责任心和对未来后果的考虑是调节因子

决策失败是影响工人不安全行为的重要因素。虽然以往的研究主要集中在理性决策失败上，但它在很大程度上忽视了非理性决策失败的影响以及这些失败导致不安全行为的机制。这种疏忽限制了我们对不安全行为如何发展的理解。本研究利用双过程理论和原型意愿模型，区分了两种类型的决策失败：不安全行为意图（反映理性决策失败）和不安全行为意愿（反映非理性决策失败）。我们研究了这些失败如何影响工人的不安全行为，并探讨了责任心和对未来后果的考虑对这些关系的调节作用。方法采用问卷调查法对446名建筑施工人员进行调查。采用结构方程模型和层次回归分析对假设进行检验。结果：(1)不安全行为意愿和不安全行为意愿对员工的不安全行为均有显著正向影响；(2)不安全行为意向在不安全行为意愿与不安全行为之间起中介作用；(3)责任心负向调节不安全行为意向与不安全行为的关系；(4)考虑未来后果对不安全行为意愿与不安全行为之间关系的调节作用不被支持。本研究为决策失败与不安全行为之间的关系提供了一个全面的视角，阐明了潜在的机制，并为不安全行为的管理提供了有针对性的策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Safety Research Multiple-

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

4.90%

发文量

174

审稿时长

61 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Safety Research is an interdisciplinary publication that provides for the exchange of ideas and scientific evidence capturing studies through research in all areas of safety and health, including traffic, workplace, home, and community. This forum invites research using rigorous methodologies, encourages translational research, and engages the global scientific community through various partnerships (e.g., this outreach includes highlighting some of the latest findings from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).