Localization performance analysis based on channel knowledge map

IF 2 4区计算机科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Physical Communication Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI:10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102721

Huayang Wei , Qidong Gao , Wence Zhang , Jing Xia , Zhaowen Zheng , Xu Bao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article analyzes the localization performance based on Channel Knowledge Map (CKM). A single access point (AP) is deployed in a three-dimensional (3-D) scenario and the CKM is used to localize the users, which utilizes channel information including angle of arrival (AoA), angle of departure (AoD), and path loss from both line of sight (LoS) and non-line of sight (NLoS) paths between the AP and users. Due to the impracticality of directly using NLoS paths, the virtual access point (VAP) technique is utilized to address NLoS issues. Subsequently, Cramér–Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) model that incorporates grid size effects is derived to assess localization accuracy. We analyze the impact of grid size, the number of propagation paths, and the use of single and multiple channel information metrics on CRLB. The results indicate that as the grid size decreases, localization error is reduced up to a certain threshold. Additionally, increasing the number of propagation paths enhances localization accuracy, as it provides more comprehensive spatial information. The analysis are verified through numerical results and it is found that CKM-based localization consistently achieves sub-meter accuracy.

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基于渠道知识图谱的定位性能分析

本文分析了基于信道知识图（Channel Knowledge Map， CKM）的定位性能。单个接入点（AP）部署在三维（3d）场景中，CKM用于定位用户，它利用信道信息，包括到达角（AoA）、出发角（AoD）以及AP和用户之间的视线（LoS）和非视线（NLoS）路径的路径损失。由于直接使用NLoS路径不现实，因此采用虚拟接入点（VAP）技术来解决NLoS问题。在此基础上，推导了考虑网格尺寸影响的cram - rao下限（CRLB）模型来评估定位精度。我们分析了网格大小、传播路径数量以及使用单通道和多通道信息度量对CRLB的影响。结果表明，随着网格尺寸的减小，定位误差减小到一定的阈值。此外，增加传播路径的数量可以提高定位精度，因为它提供了更全面的空间信息。数值结果验证了分析结果，发现基于ckm的定位方法始终能达到亚米级精度。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Physical Communication ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICTELECO-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

9.10%

发文量

212

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： PHYCOM: Physical Communication is an international and archival journal providing complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in all aspects of physical layer communications. Theoretical research contributions presenting new techniques, concepts or analyses, applied contributions reporting on experiences and experiments, and tutorials are published. Topics of interest include but are not limited to: Physical layer issues of Wireless Local Area Networks, WiMAX, Wireless Mesh Networks, Sensor and Ad Hoc Networks, PCS Systems; Radio access protocols and algorithms for the physical layer; Spread Spectrum Communications; Channel Modeling; Detection and Estimation; Modulation and Coding; Multiplexing and Carrier Techniques; Broadband Wireless Communications; Wireless Personal Communications; Multi-user Detection; Signal Separation and Interference rejection: Multimedia Communications over Wireless; DSP Applications to Wireless Systems; Experimental and Prototype Results; Multiple Access Techniques; Space-time Processing; Synchronization Techniques; Error Control Techniques; Cryptography; Software Radios; Tracking; Resource Allocation and Inference Management; Multi-rate and Multi-carrier Communications; Cross layer Design and Optimization; Propagation and Channel Characterization; OFDM Systems; MIMO Systems; Ultra-Wideband Communications; Cognitive Radio System Architectures; Platforms and Hardware Implementations for the Support of Cognitive, Radio Systems; Cognitive Radio Resource Management and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing.