Endophytic microbes enhance sugarcane defense against Sporisorium scitamineum by activating calcium signaling and stress-responsive traits

IF 5.4 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Current Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI:10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100506

Faisal Mehdi , Yuanli Wu , Yimei Gan , Zhengying Cao , Shuting Jiang , Limei Zan , Shuzhen Zhang , Benpeng Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sugarcane, a widely grown crop, faces many challenges from pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. One of the most serious threats is smut disease, caused by the fungus Sporisorium scitamineum (SS). Although there are methods to control it, managing this disease effectively is still a big challenge. This study evaluates the synergistic application of endophytic bacteria Bacillus sp. QN2MO-1 (BS) and Pseudomonas chlororaphis (PS) as a biocontrol approach to combat smut disease. Two sugarcane cultivars, ROC22 and Zhongtang 3, were initially grown in pots and later relocated to field conditions. Endophyte applications and SS infection were validated using qRT-PCR. A detailed assessment was conducted on physiological and morphological parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, stress indicators, and the expression of stress-responsive genes. Results demonstrated that BS and PS, either individually or combined, effectively suppressed smut disease. Enhanced expression of defense-related genes (ScCAT1, SOD1 and PR1.04). Increased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD) were observed, particularly in the resistant cultivar Zhongtang 3. Elevated levels of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) indicated the activation of stress-related pathways, enhancing defense mechanisms. Endophyte-treated plants exhibited maximum growth and photosynthetic rates. Conversely, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels suggested mitigation of oxidative stress. In the case of CAMTAs genes expression profiling, SsnpCAMTA5 upregulated in both cultivars, SsnpCAMTA7, SsnpCAMTA8 upregulated in Zhongtang 3. SsnpCAMTA12 downregulated in only Zhongtang 3 both time points (30 and 60 dpi). This result suggest that the bacterial endophytes triggered the pathogens related genes. These findings emphasize the potential of BS and PS as a sustainable, innovative biocontrol strategy, offering a promising solution to enhance sugarcane resilience and mitigate smut disease through integrated biological approaches.

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内生微生物通过激活钙信号和胁迫响应特性增强甘蔗对甘蔗孢杆菌的防御能力

甘蔗是一种广泛种植的作物，面临着病虫害和环境压力等诸多挑战。最严重的威胁之一是黑穗病，由真菌孢子菌（Sporisorium schitamineum， SS）引起。尽管有控制该病的方法，但有效管理该病仍然是一个巨大的挑战。本研究评价了内生细菌Bacillus sp. QN2MO-1 （BS）和绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas chlororaphis， PS）协同防治黑穗病的效果。两个甘蔗品种ROC22和中糖3号最初在盆栽中种植，后来转移到田间条件下。利用qRT-PCR验证内生菌应用和SS感染。对其生理形态参数、抗氧化酶活性、胁迫指标及应激反应基因表达进行了详细评价。结果表明，BS和PS单独或联合施用均能有效抑制黑穗病的发生。防御相关基因（ScCAT1、SOD1和PR1.04）表达增强。抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT、POD）活性明显升高，其中以抗性品种中唐3号表现最为明显。水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）水平的升高表明应激相关通路的激活，增强了防御机制。内生菌处理的植株生长和光合速率最高。相反，降低丙二醛（MDA）和过氧化氢（H₂O₂）水平表明氧化应激减轻。在CAMTAs基因表达谱分析中，SsnpCAMTA5在两个品种中均上调，SsnpCAMTA7、SsnpCAMTA8在中唐3中上调。SsnpCAMTA12仅在中唐3号（30和60 dpi）两个时间点下调。这说明细菌内生菌触发了病原菌相关基因。这些发现强调了BS和PS作为一种可持续的、创新的生物防治策略的潜力，为通过综合生物学方法提高甘蔗抗灾能力和减轻黑穗病提供了一种有希望的解决方案。

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来源期刊

Current Plant Biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

1.90%

发文量

审稿时长

50 days

期刊介绍： Current Plant Biology aims to acknowledge and encourage interdisciplinary research in fundamental plant sciences with scope to address crop improvement, biodiversity, nutrition and human health. It publishes review articles, original research papers, method papers and short articles in plant research fields, such as systems biology, cell biology, genetics, epigenetics, mathematical modeling, signal transduction, plant-microbe interactions, synthetic biology, developmental biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, physiology, biotechnologies, bioinformatics and plant genomic resources.