Resurgence of pertussis: Epidemiological trends, contributing factors, challenges, and recommendations for vaccination and surveillance.

IF 3.5 4区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-09 DOI:10.1080/21645515.2025.2513729

Sijia Wang, Shimo Zhang, Jue Liu

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Abstract

Pertussis, a respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, remains a global health challenge despite decades of vaccination. The inclusion of diphtheria, tetanus, and whole-cell pertussis (DTwP) vaccines in the World Health Organization (WHO) Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 1974 significantly reduced incidence worldwide. However, since the 1980s, pertussis resurgence has been observed in both high-income and low- and middle-income nations. The COVID-19 pandemic further disrupted vaccination, exacerbating outbreaks. Contributing factors include genetic mutations in Bordetella pertussis, vaccine differences, waning immunity, inadequate immunization, disease cyclicity, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with improved surveillance, diagnostics, and awareness. Pertussis continues to impose a substantial disease burden, with infants being the most vulnerable. This review examines pertussis epidemiology from 1980 to 2023, analyzing resurgence drivers and evaluating current progress and persistent challenges in vaccination strategies and surveillance efforts.

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百日咳死灰复燃：流行病学趋势、影响因素、挑战以及疫苗接种和监测建议。

百日咳是一种由百日咳博德泰拉引起的呼吸系统疾病，尽管几十年来接种了疫苗，但仍是全球卫生挑战。1974年，世界卫生组织（WHO）扩大免疫规划（EPI）将白喉、破伤风和全细胞百日咳（DTwP）疫苗纳入，显著降低了全球发病率。然而，自20世纪80年代以来，在高收入国家和中低收入国家都观察到百日咳死灰复燃。COVID-19大流行进一步扰乱了疫苗接种，加剧了疫情。促成因素包括百日咳博德泰拉的基因突变、疫苗差异、免疫力下降、免疫不足、疾病循环和COVID-19大流行的影响，以及监测、诊断和认识的改善。百日咳继续造成巨大的疾病负担，婴儿是最脆弱的。本综述回顾了1980年至2023年百日咳流行病学，分析了百日咳复发的驱动因素，并评估了疫苗接种策略和监测工作的当前进展和持续挑战。

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来源期刊

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

8.30%

发文量

489

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： (formerly Human Vaccines; issn 1554-8619) Vaccine research and development is extending its reach beyond the prevention of bacterial or viral diseases. There are experimental vaccines for immunotherapeutic purposes and for applications outside of infectious diseases, in diverse fields such as cancer, autoimmunity, allergy, Alzheimer’s and addiction. Many of these vaccines and immunotherapeutics should become available in the next two decades, with consequent benefit for human health. Continued advancement in this field will benefit from a forum that can (A) help to promote interest by keeping investigators updated, and (B) enable an exchange of ideas regarding the latest progress in the many topics pertaining to vaccines and immunotherapeutics. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics provides such a forum. It is published monthly in a format that is accessible to a wide international audience in the academic, industrial and public sectors.