Evaluation of hearing function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and investigation of its relationship with stages of diabetic retinopathy.

IF 1.8 Q4 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Pub Date : 2025-06-07 eCollection Date: 2025-06-01 DOI:10.1007/s40200-025-01660-2

Medine Gündoğan, Fatih Gündoğan, Nurettin Bayram, Süleyman Demircan, Cemil Mutlu

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Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious, chronic metabolic disorder associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications that affect the cardiac, renal, ophthalmic, cerebral, and peripheral systems. Similar complications can also occur in the structures of the inner ear.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the hearing function of patients diagnosed with T2DM and to investigate the relationship between hearing function and the stage of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: This prospective, single-center, cross-sectional, and case-control study included 30 healthy controls (Group 1) and 90 patients with T2DM [30 without retinopathy (Group 2), 30 with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (Group 3), and 30 with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (Group 4)] aged 40 to 60 years. The best-corrected visual acuity and audiological tests, including pure tone audiometry (PTA) and high frequency audiometry (HFA), were performed.

Results: A statistically significant difference was observed at all frequencies (for all, p < 0.001), except for 125 Hz (for 125 Hz, p = 0.075). The median PTA values were 13.75 (min-max: 5-31.2) in Group 1, 20 (min-max: 10-37.5) in Group 2, 16.87 (min-max: 8.7-42.5) in Group 3, and 24.37 (min-max: 12.5-56.25) in Group 4. A multiple comparisons analysis for PTA showed a statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 4 (p < 0.001). The mean HFA values were 32.23 ± 12.27 in Group 1, 50.23 ± 12.80 in Group 2, 53.47 ± 10.75 in Group 3, and 62.63 ± 12.52 in Group 4. The HFA values were significantly lower in Group 1 compared to the other groups (p < 0.001). In pairwise comparisons, p = 0.730 for Group 2 vs. Group 3, p = 0.001 for Group 2 vs. Group 4, and p = 0.021 for Group 3 vs. Group 4.

Conclusions: It was observed that T2DM patients were at risk for developing hearing impairment, and sensorineural hearing impairment increased as the DR stage progressed, particularly in high frequencies. These results suggest a hearing evaluation in the screening of DR patients.

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2型糖尿病患者的听力功能评价及其与糖尿病视网膜病变分期关系的探讨。

背景：糖尿病是一种严重的慢性代谢性疾病，伴有微血管和大血管并发症，可影响心脏、肾脏、眼、脑和外周系统。类似的并发症也可能发生在内耳结构中。目的：本研究旨在评估T2DM患者的听力功能，探讨听力功能与糖尿病视网膜病变分期的关系。方法：本前瞻性、单中心、横断面、病例对照研究纳入30例健康对照（1组）和90例T2DM患者[30例无视网膜病变（2组），30例非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（3组），30例增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（4组）]，年龄40 ~ 60岁。进行最佳矫正视力和听力学测试，包括纯音测听（PTA）和高频测听（HFA）。结果：各频率间差异均有统计学意义（p = 0.075）。1组PTA中位数为13.75 (min-max: 5-31.2)， 2组为20 (min-max: 10-37.5)， 3组为16.87 (min-max: 8.7-42.5)， 4组为24.37 （min-max: 12.5-56.25）。PTA的多重比较分析显示，1组与4组之间的差异有统计学意义（p p = 0.730, 2组与3组，p = 0.001, 3组与4组，p = 0.021）。结论：观察到T2DM患者有发生听力损害的风险，随着DR阶段的进展，感觉神经性听力损害增加，特别是在高频率。这些结果建议在筛选DR患者时进行听力评估。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Medicine-Internal Medicine

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

3.60%

发文量

210

期刊介绍： Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders is a peer reviewed journal which publishes original clinical and translational articles and reviews in the field of endocrinology and provides a forum of debate of the highest quality on these issues. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, diabetes, lipid disorders, metabolic disorders, osteoporosis, interdisciplinary practices in endocrinology, cardiovascular and metabolic risk, aging research, obesity, traditional medicine, pychosomatic research, behavioral medicine, ethics and evidence-based practices.As of Jan 2018 the journal is published by Springer as a hybrid journal with no article processing charges. All articles published before 2018 are available free of charge on springerlink.Unofficial 2017 2-year Impact Factor: 1.816.