The differential impact of COVID-19 on Belgian household carbon footprints: A gender perspective

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 containment measures on household carbon footprints, with a focus on gender dynamics and redistributive effects. Using data from the Belgian Household Budget Survey for 2018 and 2020, we find that households with male breadwinners experienced a more substantial decrease in carbon footprints. This reduction is primarily due to a significant decline in the consumption of carbon-intensive goods and services, such as transportation and dining out, which these households use more extensively. Our findings emphasize the importance of incorporating gender considerations in the assessment of carbon reduction policies. By understanding the link between gender and consumption behaviors, policymakers can design more equitable and effective interventions to mitigate household carbon emissions. It also presents opportunities for targeted policies and incentives, particularly in transportation, ensuring that decarbonization efforts address the distributive nature of carbon footprints.