Cross-Diffusion Effects on Magnetohydrodynamic Free Convective Flow Over a Vertical Porous Plate Under the Influence of Chemical Reactions, Thermal Radiation, and Dissipative Heating

Abstract

The main objective of the current study is to analyze the coupled influence of Dufour and Soret diffusion on magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow over an infinite vertical porous plate, focusing on the interdependence of heat and mass transfer. The novelty of this study lies in highlighting the complex relationship between thermal and solutal diffusion in the presence of chemical reactions, thermal radiation, viscous dissipation, Ohmic heating and an internal heat source factors that are often considered separately in previous studies. The governing equations for velocity, temperature and concentration are solved using the multiple regular perturbation method. The findings reveal that an increase in the Dufour number enhances mass diffusion driven by thermal gradients, reducing velocity and concentration while increasing temperature and skin friction. Conversely, a higher Soret number suppresses velocity, with temperature and concentration exhibiting opposite trends. Additionally, the Sherwood number decreases with rising Dufour, Soret, and Schmidt numbers, highlighting the strong coupling between heat and mass transfer in magnetohydrodynamic flows. These results provide new insights into transport phenomena in MHD systems, with potential applications in industrial and engineering processes.