Direct Probe Ionisation Mass Spectrometry for Rapid and Accurate Determination of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Concentrations

IF 1.8 3区 化学 Q4 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS
Tim P. Sidnell, Simone C. Mathias, David P. Megson, Patrick J. Sears, Madeleine J. Bussemaker
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Abstract

Rationale

Analysis of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is typically achieved using chromatographic techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography, combined with mass spectrometry. These techniques can be complex, expensive, time consuming and can lead to inaccurate quantification due to sample container sorption and contamination by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) components.

Methods

Here, we demonstrate the novel application of a Direct Probe ionisation Mass Spectrometer (DPiMS) to quantify four aqueous anionic PFAS; perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (6:2 fluorotelomer surfactant). The DPiMS was operated in both Single Ion Monitoring (SIM) and broad m/z scan range (50–500) modes and the cleaning methodology, ionising voltage and desolvation line heating temperature were optimised.

Results

The derived method quantified both single component and mixtures of PFAS from 0.5 nM to 200 μM (0.2 ppb to 108 ppm) without use of pre-concentration. The advantages of this technique over chromatographic techniques are; the speed of analysis (≈3.5 min per sample, including blanks/cleaning), lack of PTFE components and simplified methodology.

Conclusions

The DPiMS is a useful tool for the rapid screening and estimation of PFAS concentrations with results that are comparable to existing methods. It is anticipated that better sensitivity could be achieved with the use of a triple quadrupole instrument.

用于快速准确测定全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质浓度的直接探针电离质谱法
全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)的分析通常使用色谱技术,如高效液相色谱法,结合质谱法。这些技术可能复杂、昂贵、耗时,并且由于样品容器的吸附和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)成分的污染,可能导致定量不准确。在这里,我们展示了直接探针电离质谱仪(DPiMS)的新应用,以定量四种水溶液阴离子PFAS;全氟辛酸(PFOA)、全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)、全氟壬酸(PFNA)和1H、1H、2H、2H-全氟辛烷磺酸(6:2氟端粒表面活性剂)。dpim在单离子监测(SIM)和宽m/z扫描范围(50-500)模式下运行,并对清洗方法、电离电压和脱溶线加热温度进行了优化。结果该方法可在0.5 nM ~ 200 μM (0.2 ppb ~ 108 ppm)范围内定量单组分和混合组分PFAS。该技术相对于色谱技术的优点是:分析速度(每个样品≈3.5分钟,包括空白/清洗),缺乏聚四氟乙烯组件和简化的方法。结论dpim是快速筛选和估计PFAS浓度的有效工具,其结果与现有方法相当。预计使用三重四极杆仪器可以获得更好的灵敏度。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
5.00%
发文量
219
审稿时长
2.6 months
期刊介绍: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry is a journal whose aim is the rapid publication of original research results and ideas on all aspects of the science of gas-phase ions; it covers all the associated scientific disciplines. There is no formal limit on paper length ("rapid" is not synonymous with "brief"), but papers should be of a length that is commensurate with the importance and complexity of the results being reported. Contributions may be theoretical or practical in nature; they may deal with methods, techniques and applications, or with the interpretation of results; they may cover any area in science that depends directly on measurements made upon gaseous ions or that is associated with such measurements.
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