Actualización en rehabilitación cardiaca en el paciente crítico cardiovascular: una revisión de tema

Juan Santiago Serna-Trejos , Carlos Andrés Castro-Galvis , Stefanya Geraldine Bermúdez-Moyano , Laura Catalina Rodríguez-Fonseca , Álvaro Andrés Montenegro-Apraez , Jorge Fernando Miño-Bernal , Lina María Salazar-Rodríguez , Valentina Bravo-Echeverry
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Abstract

Cardiac rehabilitation is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary strategy that has demonstrated significant benefits in critically ill cardiovascular patients, particularly those with ischemic disease, heart failure, and post-surgical interventions. This article reviews recent literature on the impact of cardiac rehabilitation in critically ill patients, highlighting its ability to improve functional capacity, quality of life, and reduce mortality and hospitalizations. Programs include tailored interventions encompassing supervised exercise, risk factor education, and psychosocial support. Important barriers are identified, such as low participation in rehabilitation programs, especially in vulnerable populations, due to economic limitations, geographic access and lack of knowledge on the part of both patients and health professionals. Emerging strategies, such as telemedicine-based rehabilitation and home-based programs, which seek to improve adherence and accessibility, are also discussed. Although the data are promising, more robust evidence is needed to assess efficacy in specific subgroups of critically ill patients and in resource-limited settings.
危重心血管患者的心脏康复进展:主题综述
心脏康复是一项综合性、多学科的策略,已证明对危重心血管患者,特别是缺血性疾病、心力衰竭和术后干预患者有显著益处。本文回顾了最近关于心脏康复对危重患者影响的文献,强调了心脏康复在改善功能能力、生活质量、降低死亡率和住院率方面的能力。项目包括量身定制的干预措施,包括监督锻炼、风险因素教育和社会心理支持。确定了重要的障碍,例如,由于经济限制、地理位置限制以及患者和卫生专业人员缺乏知识,对康复方案的参与度较低,特别是在弱势群体中。新兴战略,如远程医疗为基础的康复和家庭为基础的方案,寻求提高依从性和可及性,也进行了讨论。虽然数据很有希望,但需要更有力的证据来评估在危重患者的特定亚组和资源有限的情况下的疗效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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