Developing a skill-based intervention to address social health needs of adolescents and young adults with cancer: an ORBIT Phase 1 Study.

Abstract

Background: Few interventions have improved social health of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. Following the obesity-related behavioral intervention trials model, we developed a skill-based social needs module for integration within the Promoting Resilience in Stress Management (PRISM)  behavioral intervention.

Methods: The social needs module targeting social relationship coping efficacy included behavioral skills adapted to AYAs. The module was refined through 2 separate pilot studies. For Study 1, AYAs 12-24 years old completed the module and a feedback interview. Rapid assessment process methods assessed acceptability, appropriateness, understandability, and informed content revisions. For Study 2, AYAs completed PRISM plus the social needs module (PRISM + Social Needs) and a feedback interview. Rapid assessment process methods assessed acceptability of program and session length, timing, and format.

Results: For Study 1, 6 AYAs completed the initial module focused on identifying and seeking support (mean age = 16 years); most found content acceptable and appropriate (4/6) but suggested adding skills for maintaining social connections and managing cancer-related conversations. Seven AYAs completed the revised module and interview (M = 16 years old); most found content acceptable (6/7) and appropriate (7/7) and suggestions were minimal. For Study 2, 7 AYAs completed the revised full program (M = 16 years old). Most were satisfied with program length (4/7) and duration (7/7); preferred in-person over virtual delivery (6/7); and wanted PRISM + Social Needs early in treatment (5/7).

Conclusions: A skill-based social needs module may be acceptable, appropriate, and promising for AYAs. The PRISM + Social Needs intervention may be best delivered in-person and early in treatment, suggesting AYAs value face-to-face connection. Findings inform subsequent proof-of-concept studies.