Assessing Lead Levels in New York-Donated Venison

IF 2.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Peter E. Nye , Samantha Totoni , Karyn L. Bischoff
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Lead (Pb) hunting ammunition is known to fragment in target animals and result in Pb particles with small surface areas, which increase bioavailability and make detection more difficult. Dietary exposure to Pb presents significant human health risks to vulnerable groups, especially children and pregnant women. Each year, 34 tons of venison are donated to New York State food banks and pantries without oversight of the potential for Pb contamination. A project was launched in 2022 to sample donated venison and to determine if and at what concentration this meat might be contaminated with Pb. Tests for Pb were first conducted by medical radiography (X-ray) of 0.45 kg (1 lb) and 0.91 kg (2 lb) samples followed by subsampling for quantitative analysis using inductively coupled atomic plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Among venison packages, 19% (11/ 59) were confirmed to contain metal fragments via radiography and/or Pb via ICP-AES. This includes seven packages with observable metal fragments via X-ray, three packages with suspected metal fragments via X-ray and detected via ICP-AES and one package with no radiographic evidence of Pb, but detected via ICP-AES. Pb concentrations among package subsamples ranged from 0.38 to 135.7 mg/kg dry matter, representing a range from 1 to 617% of the FDA Interim Reference Level (IRL) of 2.2 µg Pb/day for children. Although some states routinely radiograph venison donated to food banks and pantries prior to distribution, New York State does not. Most New York State food pantries also do not postwarnings of the potential for Pb contamination in donated game meat. In conclusion, there is a high likelihood that people consuming donated hunted meat in NY will consume lead, and the FDA IRL may be exceeded in a single bite.
评估纽约捐赠的鹿肉中的铅含量。
已知铅(Pb)狩猎弹药会在目标动物体内碎裂,并导致具有小表面积的铅颗粒,这增加了生物利用度,使检测更加困难。从饮食中接触铅对弱势群体,特别是儿童和孕妇构成重大的人类健康风险。每年,34吨鹿肉被捐赠给纽约州食品银行和食品储藏室,而没有受到潜在铅污染的监督。2022年启动了一个项目,对捐赠的鹿肉进行取样,以确定这些肉是否以及在什么浓度下可能受到铅污染。铅的测试首先通过0.45 kg (1 lb)和0.91 kg (2 lb)样品的医学放射照相(x射线)进行,然后使用电感耦合原子等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)进行定量分析。在野味包装中,19%(11/ 59)通过x线摄影和/或通过ICP-AES确认含有金属碎片。这包括7个包装通过x射线可观察到金属碎片,3个包装通过x射线有疑似金属碎片,并通过ICP-AES检测到,还有一个包装没有放射性证据表明铅,但通过ICP-AES检测到。包装子样品中的铅浓度范围为0.38 - 135.7 mg/kg干物质,代表FDA临时参考水平(IRL)的1-617%,即儿童2.2微克铅/天。虽然有些州在将捐赠给食物银行和食品储藏室的鹿肉分发之前,通常会对其进行x光检查,但纽约州没有这样做。大多数纽约州食品储藏室也没有发布捐赠的野味肉可能受到铅污染的警告。总之,在纽约,人们食用捐赠的狩猎肉很有可能会摄入铅,而美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)的最高标准可能会在一口中超过。
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来源期刊
Journal of food protection
Journal of food protection 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
5.00%
发文量
296
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Food Protection® (JFP) is an international, monthly scientific journal in the English language published by the International Association for Food Protection (IAFP). JFP publishes research and review articles on all aspects of food protection and safety. Major emphases of JFP are placed on studies dealing with: Tracking, detecting (including traditional, molecular, and real-time), inactivating, and controlling food-related hazards, including microorganisms (including antibiotic resistance), microbial (mycotoxins, seafood toxins) and non-microbial toxins (heavy metals, pesticides, veterinary drug residues, migrants from food packaging, and processing contaminants), allergens and pests (insects, rodents) in human food, pet food and animal feed throughout the food chain; Microbiological food quality and traditional/novel methods to assay microbiological food quality; Prevention of food-related hazards and food spoilage through food preservatives and thermal/non-thermal processes, including process validation; Food fermentations and food-related probiotics; Safe food handling practices during pre-harvest, harvest, post-harvest, distribution and consumption, including food safety education for retailers, foodservice, and consumers; Risk assessments for food-related hazards; Economic impact of food-related hazards, foodborne illness, food loss, food spoilage, and adulterated foods; Food fraud, food authentication, food defense, and foodborne disease outbreak investigations.
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