The cGAS-STING axis: a comprehensive review from immune defense to disease pathogenesis.

IF 3.3 4区 医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY
Ashita Sood
{"title":"The cGAS-STING axis: a comprehensive review from immune defense to disease pathogenesis.","authors":"Ashita Sood","doi":"10.1007/s12026-025-09648-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cGAS-STING pathway is a critical signaling mechanism in the innate immune system for sensing cytosolic DNA and subsequently facilitating antiviral responses. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) recognizes both foreign and self-DNA in the cytosol, resulting in the formation of 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP. STING is activated by the cyclic dinucleotide and drives the production of type I interferons as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines. Generating an inflammatory response through the cGAS-STING pathway is critical for antiviral defense, and this cascade also has been involved in the regulation of autophagy, cellular senescence, and other diseases. Defects in this pathway can result in autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, or increased cancer susceptibility. The molecular mechanisms underlying this pathway, its regulatory factors, and how it may contribute to diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, and certain cancers were reviewed. This review further covers the therapeutic approaches to this system, such as agonists for cancer treatment and antagonists for autoimmune diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13389,"journal":{"name":"Immunologic Research","volume":"73 1","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Immunologic Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-025-09648-z","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The cGAS-STING pathway is a critical signaling mechanism in the innate immune system for sensing cytosolic DNA and subsequently facilitating antiviral responses. Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) recognizes both foreign and self-DNA in the cytosol, resulting in the formation of 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP. STING is activated by the cyclic dinucleotide and drives the production of type I interferons as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines. Generating an inflammatory response through the cGAS-STING pathway is critical for antiviral defense, and this cascade also has been involved in the regulation of autophagy, cellular senescence, and other diseases. Defects in this pathway can result in autoimmunity, chronic inflammation, or increased cancer susceptibility. The molecular mechanisms underlying this pathway, its regulatory factors, and how it may contribute to diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, and certain cancers were reviewed. This review further covers the therapeutic approaches to this system, such as agonists for cancer treatment and antagonists for autoimmune diseases.

cGAS-STING轴:从免疫防御到疾病发病机制的全面综述。
cGAS-STING通路是先天免疫系统中感知胞质DNA并随后促进抗病毒反应的关键信号机制。环GMP-AMP合成酶(Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, cGAS)可以识别胞浆中的外源dna和自身dna,从而形成2'3'-环GMP-AMP。STING被环二核苷酸激活,并驱动I型干扰素和促炎细胞因子的产生。通过cGAS-STING通路产生炎症反应对于抗病毒防御至关重要,该级联也参与自噬、细胞衰老和其他疾病的调节。该通路的缺陷可导致自身免疫、慢性炎症或增加癌症易感性。本文综述了该通路的分子机制、调控因子,以及它如何导致系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、类风湿关节炎和某些癌症等疾病。本文将进一步介绍该系统的治疗方法,如用于癌症治疗的激动剂和用于自身免疫性疾病的拮抗剂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Immunologic Research
Immunologic Research 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
83
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH represents a unique medium for the presentation, interpretation, and clarification of complex scientific data. Information is presented in the form of interpretive synthesis reviews, original research articles, symposia, editorials, and theoretical essays. The scope of coverage extends to cellular immunology, immunogenetics, molecular and structural immunology, immunoregulation and autoimmunity, immunopathology, tumor immunology, host defense and microbial immunity, including viral immunology, immunohematology, mucosal immunity, complement, transplantation immunology, clinical immunology, neuroimmunology, immunoendocrinology, immunotoxicology, translational immunology, and history of immunology.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信