{"title":"Hepatoprotective properties of Cordia africana leaf extract inhibiting isoniazid and rifampicin-related toxicity in mice","authors":"Endalkachew Gugsa Andargie , Wubet Tizazu Ferede , Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie , Markeshaw Tiruneh Gebremedhin , Gashaw Dessie , Bewketu Abebe Alemu , Banchamlak Teferi , Tewodros Shibabaw Molla","doi":"10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.05.028","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite baseline investigation before the start of therapeutic management, patients being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis often suffer from liver injury due to the effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs, particularly isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF). However, there is no treatment against the hepatotoxic effect of INH and RIF. Therefore, it is better to focus on medicinal plants for the prevention of liver injury caused by these drugs. <em>Cordia africana</em> has been used traditionally as a treatment for liver related diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of <em>Cordia africana</em> leaves against isoniazid and rifampicin-induced liver toxicity in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>Cordia africana</em> leaf powder was decocted in water and 30 Swiss albino mice 28.0–35.0 g were grouped into five groups: Group I mice were given 20 ml/kg distilled water and Group II mice were given 75mg/kg INH and 150 mg/kg RIF body weight. Group III, group IV, and group V mice were given, 75 mg/kg INH plus 150 mg/kg RIF in addition to 200 mg/kg extract, 400 mg/kg extract, and 50 mg/kg silymarin respectively. The treatments lasted for 14 days. Blood samples were taken from each study subject for liver biochemical tests. In addition, livers were also taken for histopathological examination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to Group I, Group II showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. This elevation likely dictates the possibility of liver dysfunction or damage. Also, in the groups of mice that were treated with <em>Cordia africana</em> at a dose of 400 mg/kg and silymarin demonstrated that a marked decrease in ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin levels. This reduction indicates that both <em>Cordia africana</em> and silymarin might have a protective effect on liver function, especially when compared to Group II which they didn't receive such treatment. The liver index of Group IV mice showed a decrease significantly (P < 0.05) compared to Group II. Besides histopathologic analysis showed that the plant extract at a higher dose did not show inflammation and showed negligible degeneration of hepatocytes and congestion in sinusoids, whereas in the negative control severe degeneration of hepatocytes and moderate inflammation were seen.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>From this experiment we found that the aqueous extract of <em>Cordia africana</em> has hepatoprotective effect against isoniazid and rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. This protective effect of <em>Cordia africana</em> extract might be due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and could be considered a potential therapeutic option against INH and RIF induced liver injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10352,"journal":{"name":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 567-574"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Clinical nutrition ESPEN","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405457725003250","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction
Despite baseline investigation before the start of therapeutic management, patients being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis often suffer from liver injury due to the effects of anti-tuberculosis drugs, particularly isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF). However, there is no treatment against the hepatotoxic effect of INH and RIF. Therefore, it is better to focus on medicinal plants for the prevention of liver injury caused by these drugs. Cordia africana has been used traditionally as a treatment for liver related diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of Cordia africana leaves against isoniazid and rifampicin-induced liver toxicity in mice.
Methods
Cordia africana leaf powder was decocted in water and 30 Swiss albino mice 28.0–35.0 g were grouped into five groups: Group I mice were given 20 ml/kg distilled water and Group II mice were given 75mg/kg INH and 150 mg/kg RIF body weight. Group III, group IV, and group V mice were given, 75 mg/kg INH plus 150 mg/kg RIF in addition to 200 mg/kg extract, 400 mg/kg extract, and 50 mg/kg silymarin respectively. The treatments lasted for 14 days. Blood samples were taken from each study subject for liver biochemical tests. In addition, livers were also taken for histopathological examination.
Results
Compared to Group I, Group II showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin. This elevation likely dictates the possibility of liver dysfunction or damage. Also, in the groups of mice that were treated with Cordia africana at a dose of 400 mg/kg and silymarin demonstrated that a marked decrease in ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin levels. This reduction indicates that both Cordia africana and silymarin might have a protective effect on liver function, especially when compared to Group II which they didn't receive such treatment. The liver index of Group IV mice showed a decrease significantly (P < 0.05) compared to Group II. Besides histopathologic analysis showed that the plant extract at a higher dose did not show inflammation and showed negligible degeneration of hepatocytes and congestion in sinusoids, whereas in the negative control severe degeneration of hepatocytes and moderate inflammation were seen.
Conclusion
From this experiment we found that the aqueous extract of Cordia africana has hepatoprotective effect against isoniazid and rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. This protective effect of Cordia africana extract might be due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity and could be considered a potential therapeutic option against INH and RIF induced liver injury.
期刊介绍:
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is an electronic-only journal and is an official publication of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Nutrition and nutritional care have gained wide clinical and scientific interest during the past decades. The increasing knowledge of metabolic disturbances and nutritional assessment in chronic and acute diseases has stimulated rapid advances in design, development and clinical application of nutritional support. The aims of ESPEN are to encourage the rapid diffusion of knowledge and its application in the field of clinical nutrition and metabolism. Published bimonthly, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN focuses on publishing articles on the relationship between nutrition and disease in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is available to all members of ESPEN and to all subscribers of Clinical Nutrition.