Epidermoid cyst of the tongue: a case report of a rare site of manifestation in a 6-month-old infant.

Abstract

Introduction: benign cystic growths called epidermoid cysts (ECs) are derived from the germ-native epithelium. They are typically asymptomatic. It is challenging to diagnose these cystic lesions in this region. In one instance, recurrence occurred even following total surgical excision. A precise diagnosis and separation from dermoid are crucial for the best outcome.

Case presentation: A six-month-old boy complained of swelling that was getting bigger and was entrenched in his tongue's anterior region. An intraoral examination found a smooth-surfaced, painful cyst that was well-circumscribed. A benign epithelial squamous cyst was discovered following the aspirated fluid's referral to the pathological anatomy division. It was decided to perform surgery. The recommended treatment plan was successful.

Discussion: While ECs are commonly located on the face, head, neck, chest, and upper back, instances involving the head and neck region are only 7%, with even fewer affecting the oral cavity, particularly the floor of the mouth.

Conclusion: With minimal risk of malignancy and recurrence, successful treatment involves complete surgical excision. Accurate diagnosis and differentiation from dermoid cysts are essential for optimal treatment outcomes.