Enzymatic Conversion of Mixed Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Oils into Biolubricants: A Green Biocatalytic Approach.

IF 4.3 3区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

ACS Omega Pub Date : 2025-05-20 eCollection Date: 2025-06-03 DOI:10.1021/acsomega.4c11707

Francisco Simão Neto, Patrick da Silva Sousa, Rafael Leandro Fernandes Melo, Antônio Luthierre Gama Cavalcante, Paulo Gonçalves de Sousa Junior, Sara Jessica Marciano, Diego Lomonaco, Raniere Dantas Valença, Frederico Ribeiro do Carmo, Marcos Carlos de Mattos, Maria Alexsandra de Sousa Rios, Paulo Roni de Souza, Aluísio Marques da Fonseca, Ada Sanders Lopes, José Cleiton Sousa Dos Santos

{"title":"Enzymatic Conversion of Mixed Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Oils into Biolubricants: A Green Biocatalytic Approach.","authors":"Francisco Simão Neto, Patrick da Silva Sousa, Rafael Leandro Fernandes Melo, Antônio Luthierre Gama Cavalcante, Paulo Gonçalves de Sousa Junior, Sara Jessica Marciano, Diego Lomonaco, Raniere Dantas Valença, Frederico Ribeiro do Carmo, Marcos Carlos de Mattos, Maria Alexsandra de Sousa Rios, Paulo Roni de Souza, Aluísio Marques da Fonseca, Ada Sanders Lopes, José Cleiton Sousa Dos Santos","doi":"10.1021/acsomega.4c11707","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on optimizing the enzymatic synthesis of biolubricants using a 20% blend of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and neem (Azadirachta indica) oils catalyzed by Eversa Transform 2.0. The optimal conditionsthe molar ratio of 1:5 (mol/mol), 10% biocatalyst load, and a reaction time of 48 hachieved a predicted ester conversion of 97%, with experimental validation confirming 92.80 ± 0.03%. Molecular docking demonstrated stable complexes, particularly with decanoic and linoleic acids, showing Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values below 2.0 Å, indicating minimal conformational changes. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified key esters like 2-ethylhexyl and octyl, which enhance thermal stability, lubricity, and oxidation resistance. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis confirmed effective ester formation, corroborating experimental results. Viscosity (2.4511 mm2/s) and density (0.84259 g/cm3) values aligned with ISO VG 3 (International Organization for Standardization Viscosity Grade) standards, suitable for low-load and low-speed applications.","PeriodicalId":22,"journal":{"name":"ACS Omega","volume":"10 21","pages":"21361-21376"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138628/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Omega","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c11707","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/6/3 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study focused on optimizing the enzymatic synthesis of biolubricants using a 20% blend of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and neem (Azadirachta indica) oils catalyzed by Eversa Transform 2.0. The optimal conditionsthe molar ratio of 1:5 (mol/mol), 10% biocatalyst load, and a reaction time of 48 hachieved a predicted ester conversion of 97%, with experimental validation confirming 92.80 ± 0.03%. Molecular docking demonstrated stable complexes, particularly with decanoic and linoleic acids, showing Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values below 2.0 Å, indicating minimal conformational changes. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified key esters like 2-ethylhexyl and octyl, which enhance thermal stability, lubricity, and oxidation resistance. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis confirmed effective ester formation, corroborating experimental results. Viscosity (2.4511 mm²/s) and density (0.84259 g/cm³) values aligned with ISO VG 3 (International Organization for Standardization Viscosity Grade) standards, suitable for low-load and low-speed applications.

查看原文本刊更多论文

印楝和尼罗罗非鱼混合油转化为生物润滑剂：一种绿色生物催化方法。

本研究的重点是利用Eversa Transform 2.0催化的尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）和印楝（Azadirachta indica）油的20%混合物优化酶促合成生物润滑剂。最佳条件摩尔比为1:5 (mol/mol)，生物催化剂负载为10%，反应时间为48 h，预测酯转化率为97%，实验验证为92.80±0.03%。分子对接显示出稳定的配合物，特别是与癸酸和亚油酸的配合物，其均方根偏差（RMSD）值低于2.0 Å，表明构象变化最小。气相色谱和质谱（GC-MS）分析确定了关键的酯类，如2-乙基己基和辛基，它们增强了热稳定性、润滑性和抗氧化性。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析证实了有效的酯生成，证实了实验结果。粘度（2.4511 mm2/s）和密度（0.84259 g/cm3）值符合ISO VG 3（国际标准化组织粘度等级）标准，适用于低负荷和低速应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

ACS Omega Chemical Engineering-General Chemical Engineering

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

4.90%

发文量

3945

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： ACS Omega is an open-access global publication for scientific articles that describe new findings in chemistry and interfacing areas of science, without any perceived evaluation of immediate impact.