Pre-Existing Structures Control the Orientation of Strike-Slip Faulting During the 2021 Dike Intrusion at Fagradalsfjall, Iceland

IF 3.9 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
E. Glastonbury-Southern, T. Winder, N. Rawlinson, R. S. White, T. Greenfield, C. A. Bacon, T. Ágústsdóttir, B. Brandsdóttir, E. Á. Gudnason, G. P. Hersir, T. J. Fischer, J. Doubravová, P. Hrubcová, E. P. S. Eibl
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Abstract

The 2021 Fagradalsfjall inflation and dike intrusion marked the initiation of a new era of volcanism on Iceland's Reykjanes Peninsula. We present a large automatic catalog consisting of more than 80,000 earthquake hypocenters spanning the full period of the dike intrusion, which were derived from seismic data recorded by a dense network of seismometers. The 9–10 km long dike exhibits a two-segment geometry of similar lengths. Linear regression on a relatively relocated subset of over 12,000 earthquakes revealed a strike of 029° with a standard deviation of 2° in the southern segment, and 046° with a standard deviation of 1° in the northern segment of the dike. A total of 97 detailed fault plane solutions from selected subsets of events provide new insight into the controls on faulting, showing almost exclusively right-lateral strike-slip/oblique-slip faulting associated with the dike intrusion, and a lack of left-lateral strike-slip fault motion. The alignment of fault planes is consistent with the orientation of pre-existing structures, within uncertainty estimates. In light of these observations, we conclude that the dominant controlling factor on the orientation of dike-related faulting is the extensive network of pre-existing structures formed by the active transtensional plate boundary along the Reykjanes Peninsula.

Abstract Image

2021年冰岛Fagradalsfjall决堤侵入期间,预先存在的构造控制着走滑断层的走向
2021年的Fagradalsfjall通货膨胀和堤坝入侵标志着冰岛雷克雅内斯半岛火山活动的新时代的开始。我们提出了一个大型的自动目录,其中包括跨越堤防侵入整个时期的80,000多个地震震源,这些地震震源来自密集的地震仪网络记录的地震数据。9-10公里长的堤坝呈现出相似长度的两段几何形状。对12000多次地震的相对重新定位子集进行线性回归,发现南段走向为029°,标准差为2°,北段走向为046°,标准差为1°。从选定的事件子集中获得的总共97个详细的断层平面解提供了对断层控制的新见解,几乎完全显示了与岩脉侵入有关的右侧走滑/斜滑断层,而缺乏左侧走滑断层运动。在不确定性估计范围内,断平面的走向与已有构造的方向一致。根据这些观测结果,我们认为沿雷克雅内斯半岛活动的张拉板块边界形成的广泛的预先构造网络是岩脉断裂方向的主要控制因素。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
15.40%
发文量
559
期刊介绍: The Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth serves as the premier publication for the breadth of solid Earth geophysics including (in alphabetical order): electromagnetic methods; exploration geophysics; geodesy and gravity; geodynamics, rheology, and plate kinematics; geomagnetism and paleomagnetism; hydrogeophysics; Instruments, techniques, and models; solid Earth interactions with the cryosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and climate; marine geology and geophysics; natural and anthropogenic hazards; near surface geophysics; petrology, geochemistry, and mineralogy; planet Earth physics and chemistry; rock mechanics and deformation; seismology; tectonophysics; and volcanology. JGR: Solid Earth has long distinguished itself as the venue for publication of Research Articles backed solidly by data and as well as presenting theoretical and numerical developments with broad applications. Research Articles published in JGR: Solid Earth have had long-term impacts in their fields. JGR: Solid Earth provides a venue for special issues and special themes based on conferences, workshops, and community initiatives. JGR: Solid Earth also publishes Commentaries on research and emerging trends in the field; these are commissioned by the editors, and suggestion are welcome.
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