Fabrication and Evaluation of Ag2S Nanoparticles Derived from Lemon Citrus: Structural, Optical, and Photocatalytic Insights for Methylene Blue Degradation and Antibacterial Effects
Krishna Gopal Mondal, Soumen Rakshit, Bappa Sona Kar, Suman Kumar Halder, Satyajit Saha, Paresh Chandra Jana
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Silver sulfide (Ag2S) nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized via a green synthesis route using varying amounts of lemon extract and evaluated for photocatalytic and antibacterial applications. Structural and morphological characterizations have been performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The XRD patterns confirmed high crystallinity without impurity peaks. The estimated crystallite sizes via the Williamson–Hall method showed that the Ag2S-20 sample has the smallest particle size among Ag2S-10 and Ag2S-30. FESEM revealed nearly spherical morphology, with grain sizes consistent with XRD results. Optical band gap values for Ag2S-10, Ag2S-20, and Ag2S-30 samples are 1.5, 1.8, and 1.6 eV, respectively, which are higher than bulk Ag2S. Photocatalytic activity has been tested using methylene blue (MB) dye under light irradiation. The Ag2S-20 sample exhibited the highest degradation efficiency, achieving nearly 80% dye removal within 7 h. Antibacterial studies showed that the Ag2S NPs have been more effective against gram-negative bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli. The Ag2S-20 sample demonstrated a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 60 µg/mL. These findings highlight the potential of green-synthesized Ag2S NPs in environmental remediation and antimicrobial applications.
期刊介绍:
ChemistrySelect is the latest journal from ChemPubSoc Europe and Wiley-VCH. It offers researchers a quality society-owned journal in which to publish their work in all areas of chemistry. Manuscripts are evaluated by active researchers to ensure they add meaningfully to the scientific literature, and those accepted are processed quickly to ensure rapid online publication.