Metabolomic Analysis of Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Primary Study

Abstract

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which can be classified as muscular calf vein thrombosis (MCVT) or popliteal vein thrombosis (PVTE). This study aimed to evaluate the differential metabolites of DVT using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS). Metabolic profiles were analyzed, and binary logistic regression was used to build a diagnostic model to identify possible potential biomarkers for distinguishing DVT and its subtypes. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves was employed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of these possible potential biomarkers. In this study, eight, three, and six differential metabolites associated with DVT, MCVT, and PVTE were identified. Enrichment analysis of differential metabolites revealed that DVT was mainly associated with energy metabolism, purine metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Diagnostic models were developed based on differential metabolites; the diagnostic performance of DVT, MCVT, and PVTE was excellent. Our findings revealed distinct metabolic profiles for DVT, MCVT, and PVTE. Despite the small sample size and the inclusion of only Asian populations, this study paves the way for future large-sample multicenter follow-up studies.