Development and characterization of an aerosol-generated multi-method analytical particle test material

IF 2.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL
Lorianne R. Shultz-Johnson , Benjamin T. Manard , Rachel Bergin , Dominic Piedmont , Jordan S. Stanberry , Hunter B. Andrews , Brian W. Ticknor , Mehmet Topsakal , Andrew Kiss , Gage Green , Matthew Wellons , Spencer Scott , Christopher Barrett , Simerjeet K. Gill , Shawna K. Tazik
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Abstract

Ceria (CeO2) particles with low to ultra-low loading of nickel dopant were produced using an aerosol-based, droplet-to-particle synthesis via an in-line calcination technique. This aerosol-based synthesis method enables the production of particles with a monodisperse size distribution. These produced and well-characterized, multi-element, ceria-based particles demonstrate a material exemplar for multi-method analytical testing. They were prepared from a cerium nitrate feedstock where low loading nickel dopant was added at target Ni/(Ni + Ce) atomic percents of 1 %, 0.1 %, and 0.01 %, using a nickel nitrate spike. This methodology proved to produce ceria particles doped with a dynamic range of low to ultra-low loadings of nickel over a 24-h period, with consistent size distribution, morphology, and composition. The successful incorporation of nickel was demonstrated with bulk and single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy and revealed notable particle-to-particle elemental homogeneity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrated the presence of a high concentration of nickel dopant incorporated preferentially toward the surface of the particles, and that this dopant aided oxidation of surface Ce(III) atoms to Ce(IV). These particle test materials were then validated through X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy, comparing the ultra-low 0.01 % Ni and low 1 % Ni-doped ceria samples. This revealed a more-reduced oxidation state of the nickel with an increase in dopant concentration. This work demonstrates a synthesis and systematic characterization scheme to produce multi-method analytical test particulates.
气溶胶生成的多方法分析颗粒测试材料的开发和表征
通过在线煅烧技术,以气溶胶为基础,采用液滴到颗粒的合成方法制备了低至超低镍掺杂量的铈(CeO2)颗粒。这种基于气溶胶的合成方法能够生产具有单分散尺寸分布的颗粒。这些生产出来的、特性良好的、多元素的、基于铈的颗粒为多方法分析测试提供了一个材料范例。以硝酸铈为原料,在Ni/(Ni + Ce)原子百分数分别为1%、0.1%和0.01%的情况下,用硝酸镍尖刺加入低负荷镍掺杂剂。这种方法被证明可以在24小时内产生具有低到超低镍负载动态范围的掺杂二氧化铈颗粒,并且具有一致的尺寸分布、形态和成分。通过体电感耦合等离子体质谱和单粒子电感耦合等离子体质谱证明了镍的成功掺入,并显示出显著的粒子间元素均匀性。x射线光电子能谱分析表明,颗粒表面存在高浓度的镍掺杂剂,并且这种掺杂剂有助于表面Ce(III)原子氧化为Ce(IV)。然后通过x射线吸收近边光谱对这些颗粒测试材料进行了验证,比较了超低0.01% Ni和低1% Ni掺杂的二氧化铈样品。这表明,随着掺杂剂浓度的增加,镍的氧化态进一步降低。这项工作展示了一个合成和系统的表征方案,以产生多方法分析测试颗粒。
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来源期刊
Journal of Aerosol Science
Journal of Aerosol Science 环境科学-工程:化工
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
8.90%
发文量
127
审稿时长
35 days
期刊介绍: Founded in 1970, the Journal of Aerosol Science considers itself the prime vehicle for the publication of original work as well as reviews related to fundamental and applied aerosol research, as well as aerosol instrumentation. Its content is directed at scientists working in engineering disciplines, as well as physics, chemistry, and environmental sciences. The editors welcome submissions of papers describing recent experimental, numerical, and theoretical research related to the following topics: 1. Fundamental Aerosol Science. 2. Applied Aerosol Science. 3. Instrumentation & Measurement Methods.
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