Full-fat yogurt compared with non-fat yogurt reduces blood triacylglycerol concentrations and lowers the triacylglycerol content in specific lipoprotein subclasses in adults with prediabetes: an exploratory analysis of a randomized-controlled trial.
Victoria M Taormina, Simonne Eisenhardt, Matthew P Gilbert, Matthew E Poynter, C Lawrence Kien, Jana Kraft
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Low- and non-fat dairy foods have long been recommended over full-fat dairy foods due to the negative effect of saturated fatty acids on blood lipids. Recent research, however, suggests saturated fatty acids from dairy foods may not impart these negative health effects. Our objective was to evaluate changes in blood lipids following a diet with full-fat (3.25%) yogurt compared with a diet with non-fat yogurt.
Methods: A randomized, double-masked crossover controlled-feeding trial was performed. Participants with prediabetes (n = 13, 7 female and 6 male participants) consumed three daily servings of full-fat or non-fat yogurt for the three weeks of each experimental diet. A one-week run-in diet preceded each experimental diet period. After each experimental diet period and the first run-in diet period, fasting blood and blood drawn at four post-prandial time points during a mixed meal tolerance test were analyzed for lipoprotein concentrations and contents (i.e., the lipid fractions within the lipoproteins). Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed models, with values from the first run-in diet as the covariate.
Results: Fasting blood triacylglycerol concentrations were 10% lower in response to the full-fat yogurt diet, compared with the non-fat yogurt diet (P < 0.01). While no diet-induced differences were observed in lipoprotein subclass concentrations, the triacylglycerol contents of smaller very low-density, intermediate-density, and low-density lipoproteins were lower in response to the full-fat yogurt diet (P ≤ 0.01). Trends indicated potentially greater high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and high-density lipoprotein size following the full-fat yogurt diet (P ≤ 0.05). The ratio of triacylglycerols: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations was 17% lower following the full-fat yogurt diet (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: This exploratory analysis demonstrates that short-term full-fat yogurt consumption elicits beneficial effects on the blood lipid profile in individuals with prediabetes and highlights the need for further evaluation of the contribution of dairy fat in yogurt and other dairy food matrices in lipid homeostasis and metabolic health.
Trial registration: This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03577119).
期刊介绍:
Lipids in Health and Disease is an open access, peer-reviewed, journal that publishes articles on all aspects of lipids: their biochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, role in health and disease, and the synthesis of new lipid compounds.
Lipids in Health and Disease is aimed at all scientists, health professionals and physicians interested in the area of lipids. Lipids are defined here in their broadest sense, to include: cholesterol, essential fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, phospholipids, inositol lipids, second messenger lipids, enzymes and synthetic machinery that is involved in the metabolism of various lipids in the cells and tissues, and also various aspects of lipid transport, etc. In addition, the journal also publishes research that investigates and defines the role of lipids in various physiological processes, pathology and disease. In particular, the journal aims to bridge the gap between the bench and the clinic by publishing articles that are particularly relevant to human diseases and the role of lipids in the management of various diseases.