Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum infection in cattle and yaks in the northern mountainous regions of Kyrgyzstan

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2025.101291

Veli Y. Çirak , Ihsan Kisadere , Hüseyin Cihan , Mambetaly Tursumbetov , Christian Bauer

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Neospora caninum is a cyst-forming coccidian parasite, with dogs and a few other canids serving as definitive hosts, and a wide range of intermediate mammalian hosts, including cattle and other bovids. Neosporosis is distributed worldwide and represents a major cause of abortion, stillbirth, and neonatal mortality in cattle. Kyrgyzstan, a mountainous country in Central Asia, has a predominantly small-scale agricultural economy. This study aimed to provide initial data on the occurrence of N. caninum infections in bovids in Kyrgyzstan. Plasma samples from 471 cattle and 27 yaks of both sexes and various ages, collected across ten rural communities in the northern mountainous regions of the country, were tested for N. caninum-specific antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IDEXX Neospora X2 Ag Test), following the manufacturer's instructions. Antibodies against N. caninum were detected in 71 cattle samples from nine of the ten communities, yielding an apparent seroprevalence of 15.1 % (95 % confidence interval: 11.9–18.6 %). The proportion of seropositive cattle was lower in communities located at altitudes above 1000 m compared to those located below 1000 m. Cattle in communities within the semi-arid climate zone had lower seroprevalence than those in the humid continental and Mediterranean-like continental climate zones. No significant association was found between seropositivity and the sex or age class of the cattle. One yak sample tested seropositive for N. caninum antibodies.

This study is the first investigation into the occurrence of N. caninum infection in Kyrgyzstan, demonstrating that the pathogen is present among cattle in the mountainous region. Therefore, neosporosis should be considered a potential cause of reproductive disorders in cattle in the country. Further research is needed to identify risk factors and assess the clinical and economic impact of bovine neosporosis in Kyrgyzstan.

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吉尔吉斯斯坦北部山区牛和牦牛新孢子虫感染的血清流行率

犬新孢子虫是一种形成囊肿的球虫寄生虫，以狗和其他一些犬科动物为最终宿主，以及广泛的中间哺乳动物宿主，包括牛和其他动物。新孢子病分布在世界各地，是牛流产、死产和新生儿死亡的主要原因。吉尔吉斯斯坦是中亚的一个多山国家，以小规模农业经济为主。本研究旨在提供吉尔吉斯斯坦牛科动物中犬奈瑟菌感染发生的初步数据。从该国北部山区10个农村社区收集的471头不同性别和不同年龄的牛和27头牦牛的血浆样本，按照制造商的说明，使用商业酶联免疫吸附法（IDEXX Neospora X2 Ag Test）检测犬新孢子虫特异性抗体。在10个社区中的9个社区的71只牛样本中检测到犬奈尔菌抗体，血清表观阳性率为15.1%（95%置信区间：11.9 - 18.6%）。海拔1000 m以上的群落血清阳性比例低于海拔1000 m以下的群落。半干旱气候区的牛群血清阳性率低于湿润大陆和地中海样大陆气候区的牛群。血清阳性与牛的性别或年龄等级之间没有显著关联。一份牦牛样本经血清检测犬奈瑟菌抗体呈阳性。本研究首次调查了吉尔吉斯斯坦境内犬奈尔犬感染的发生情况，表明该病原体存在于山区的牛中。因此，新孢子病应被视为该国牛生殖障碍的潜在原因。需要进一步研究以确定吉尔吉斯斯坦牛新孢子病的风险因素并评估其临床和经济影响。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Multiple-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports focuses on aspects of veterinary parasitology that are of regional concern, which is especially important in this era of climate change and the rapid and often unconstrained travel of people and animals. Relative to regions, this journal will accept papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites within the field of veterinary medicine. Also, case reports will be considered as they add to information related to local disease and its control; such papers must be concise and represent appropriate medical intervention. Papers on veterinary parasitology from wildlife species are acceptable, but only if they relate to the practice of veterinary medicine. Studies on vector-borne bacterial and viral agents are suitable, but only if the paper deals with vector transmission of these organisms to domesticated animals. Studies dealing with parasite control by means of natural products, both in vivo and in vitro, are more suited for one of the many journals that now specialize in papers of this type. However, due to the regional nature of much of this research, submissions may be considered based upon a case being made by the author(s) to the Editor. Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o W.H.O., Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).