Shoreline dynamics and anthropogenic influences on coastal erosion: A multi-temporal analysis for sustainable shoreline management along a southwest coastal district of India

Abstract

The Thiruvananthapuram coast in South India displays a complex pattern of shoreline dynamics influenced by both natural processes and anthropogenic interventions. While prior studies have examined shoreline sensitivity and seasonal fluctuations, the impacts of urban growth and development on coastal erosion have been less explored. This study aims to address this gap by assessing shoreline changes along the coast using Landsat imagery from 2000 to 2024, focusing on five coastal zones: Neyyattinkara, Vizhinjam, Thiruvananthapuram, Chirayinkeezhu, and Varkala. The analysis highlights significant variations in shoreline movement across these zones, with a combination of erosional and accretional trends influenced by infrastructure developments like harbors, seawalls, and coastal engineering projects. Zones such as Vizhinjam, impacted by port development, show localized erosion due to altered sediment transport, while areas like Karode and Kulattor in Neyyattinkara experience erosion from river mouth dynamics. Additionally, seasonal wave patterns, including wave height variations and longshore currents, contribute to the region's dynamic coastal behavior. The study emphasizes the need for sustainable coastal infrastructure, including eco-friendly seawalls and mangrove restoration, to mitigate erosion and enhance climate resilience. By aligning with SDG 13 (Climate Action) and SDG 14 (Life below water), the research advocates for adaptive management strategies that reduce shoreline degradation, safeguard coastal ecosystems and strengthen the resilience of coastal communities against climate change impacts.