The effects of prenatal vitamin D supplementation on respiratory and allergy-related outcomes in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Qin Li BSc , Xiaoshuang Xu BSc , Ying Liu MD , Shao Yin MD , Qian Hu MSc , Qiang Ji MSc , Yue Zhong MSc , Fengya Zhu MD
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background
Vitamin D is critical for immune regulation and respiratory health, yet its supplementation during pregnancy shows inconsistent results in preventing respiratory and allergy-related outcomes in children. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the impact of maternal vitamin D supplementation on respiratory tract infections (RTI), asthma, wheezing, eczema, and allergy in offspring.
Methods
A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library up to December 2024. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of prenatal vitamin D supplementation on respiratory and allergy-related outcomes in children. The GRADE approach was applied to assess the quality of evidence, and the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to evaluate study quality.
Results
Seven RCTs were included (3958 mother-infant pairs). Prenatal vitamin D supplementation did not significantly reduce RTI in children compared to controls (RR = 1.018, 95% CI: 0.965 to 1.074, p = 0.514). Similarly, no significant effects were observed for asthma (RR = 0.395, 95% CI: 0.670 to 1.308, p = 0.699), wheezing (RR = 0.824, 95% CI: 0.826 to 1.089, p = 0.174), eczema (RR = 0.954, 95% CI: 0.826 to 1.102, p = 0.522), allergic conditions (RR = 0.938, 95% CI: 0.841 to 1.047, p = 0.255), or IgE positivity (RR = 0.942, 95% CI: 0.736 to 1.207, p = 0.639). Subgroup analyses showed no significant effect modification based on control group supplementation or follow-up duration.
Conclusion
There is moderate-quality evidence suggesting that prenatal vitamin D supplementation has minimal or no significant effect on reducing respiratory tract infections and allergy-related outcomes in children.
期刊介绍:
The official pubication of the World Allergy Organization, the World Allergy Organization Journal (WAOjournal) publishes original mechanistic, translational, and clinical research on the topics of allergy, asthma, anaphylaxis, and clincial immunology, as well as reviews, guidelines, and position papers that contribute to the improvement of patient care. WAOjournal publishes research on the growth of allergy prevalence within the scope of single countries, country comparisons, and practical global issues and regulations, or threats to the allergy specialty. The Journal invites the submissions of all authors interested in publishing on current global problems in allergy, asthma, anaphylaxis, and immunology. Of particular interest are the immunological consequences of climate change and the subsequent systematic transformations in food habits and their consequences for the allergy/immunology discipline.