Graphene–tungsten oxide hybrid nanocomposites for high-performance dielectric films in conductive polymer matrices

Abstract

Nanocomposite based on tungsten oxide (WO₃), graphene oxide (GO), and poly (anthranilic acid) were synthesized and doped into epoxy resin film. Nanocomposite with varying WO₃ content (GO-10 %WO₃, GO-20 %WO₃, and GO-30 %WO₃) were blended with epoxy-PANA to produce hybrid films. The structural and morphological features were investigated by FTIR, XRD, EDX, and SEM. The dielectric properties including (real dielectric constant (real permittivity) (${\epsilon }^{\prime }$), imaginary dielectric constant (imaginary permittivity) (${\epsilon }^{″}$), loss factor (tanδ), and electrical conductivity (σ ac)) were evaluated across frequency of 100 kHz to 5 MHz. All prepared films appeared reducing in ${\epsilon }^{\prime }$, ${\epsilon }^{″}$ and tan δ with increasing frequency, while (σ ac) increased. Notably, higher WO₃ loading improvement both permittivity and conductivity, with GO-30 %WO₃/epoxy-PANA appearing the most significant improvement. These results highlight the potential of prepared composite in dielectric and conductive applications.