Perylene-based metal-organic frameworks-decorated Zinc Ferrite for enhanced photodegradation of malachite green in aqueous system

Q1 Social Sciences

South African Journal of Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI:10.1016/j.sajce.2025.05.005

Adawiah Adawiah , Agustino Zulys , Ilmah Fitria , Munawar Khalil , Isalmi Aziz , Mohammad Khalid

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study informs the characteristics and photocatalytic activity of novel Cr-PTC/ZnFe₂O₄ composites for the degradation of malachite green (MG) under visible light irradiation at acidic pH (pH 6). The metal-organic framework of Cr-PTC was synthesized via a solvothermal method using chromium chloride and perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic ligands, while ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were prepared via a green synthesis approach using Cucurbita moschata (pumpkin seed) extract as a capping agent. The obtained composites were prepared at various mass ratios of Cr-PTC to ZnFe₂O₄ (1:1, 1:2, 2:1) and characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, UV–Vis DRS, BET, and pHpzc. Among the tested materials, the Cr-PTC/ZnFe₂O₄ (1:1) composite showed the highest degradation efficiency (81.13 %) at malachite green concentration of 40 mg/L, pH = 6, catalyst dosage of 0.5 g/L, and irradiation time of 30 min, which was attributed to its large surface area (115.5 m²/g), optimal pore volume, and good surface charge characteristics. The as-synthesized ZnFe₂O₄ enhanced the release and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while Cr-PTC facilitated dye adsorption and light harvesting. This study demonstrated the synergistic effect of MOF–metal oxide composites and provided a sustainable strategy to design effective photocatalysts to treat acidic dye-contaminated wastewater.

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苝基金属有机骨架修饰铁酸锌对孔雀石绿的光降解作用

研究了新型Cr-PTC/ZnFe₂O₄复合材料在酸性pH （pH 6）可见光照射下降解孔雀石绿（MG）的特性及其光催化活性。以氯化铬和苝-3,4,9,10-四羧基配体为溶剂热法制备了Cr-PTC的金属有机骨架，以南瓜籽提取物为封盖剂，采用绿色合成法制备了ZnFe₂O₄纳米颗粒。以Cr-PTC与ZnFe₂O₄（1:1,1:2,2:1）的质量比制备了复合材料，并用FTIR、XRD、SEM-EDX、UV-Vis DRS、BET和pHpzc对其进行了表征。在所测试的材料中，Cr-PTC/ZnFe₂O₄（1:1）复合材料在孔孔石绿浓度为40 mg/L、pH = 6、催化剂用量为0.5 g/L、照射时间为30 min时，由于具有较大的比表面积（115.5 m²/g）、最佳孔隙体积和良好的表面电荷特性，其降解效率最高（81.13%）。合成的ZnFe₂O₄促进了活性氧（ROS）的释放和形成，而Cr-PTC则促进了染料的吸附和光收获。该研究证明了mof -金属氧化物复合材料的协同效应，为设计有效的光催化剂处理酸性染料污染废水提供了可持续的策略。

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来源期刊

South African Journal of Chemical Engineering Social Sciences-Education

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

100

审稿时长

33 weeks

期刊介绍： The journal has a particular interest in publishing papers on the unique issues facing chemical engineering taking place in countries that are rich in resources but face specific technical and societal challenges, which require detailed knowledge of local conditions to address. Core topic areas are: Environmental process engineering • treatment and handling of waste and pollutants • the abatement of pollution, environmental process control • cleaner technologies • waste minimization • environmental chemical engineering • water treatment Reaction Engineering • modelling and simulation of reactors • transport phenomena within reacting systems • fluidization technology • reactor design Separation technologies • classic separations • novel separations Process and materials synthesis • novel synthesis of materials or processes, including but not limited to nanotechnology, ceramics, etc. Metallurgical process engineering and coal technology • novel developments related to the minerals beneficiation industry • coal technology Chemical engineering education • guides to good practice • novel approaches to learning • education beyond university.