Exploring quality of life and related clinical factors in children with tree nut allergies.

Abstract

Background: In Türkiye, tree nut allergy (TNA) is the most common form of food allergy, characterized by persistence and the potential for life-threatening reactions. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of Turkish children aged 0-12 years with IgE-mediated TNA and explore influential factors, including parental anxiety.

Materials and methods: Primary caregiver-parents of children diagnosed with TNA completed the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Parent Form (FAQLQ-PF) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) to assess QoL and parental anxiety, respectively.

Results: Of 120 eligible patients diagnosed with TNA, 88 were included in the study. Questionnaires were completed by mothers in 79 cases (90%) and fathers in 9 cases (10%). Parents reported significantly higher FAQLQ-PF scores for children with hazelnut allergy, a history of anaphylaxis, and those who had to use an adrenaline auto-injector. There was significant but weak correlations between FAQLQ-PF and anxiety (STAI) domains. The multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that having a hazelnut allergy, a history of anaphylaxis, and higher parental state anxiety were all associated with higher FAQLQ-PF scores, but fathers tended to report better level of QoL.

Conclusion: QoL for children with TNA is influenced by several factors such as adverse life experiences, local and situational factors, and parental anxiety. Understanding these diverse factors is crucial for enhancing the well-being of children with TNA.