Evaluation of the impact of reducing fasting hours on laboratory results in a mediterranean population.

Abstract

Introduction: One of the critical points of the preanalytical phase is the patient's adherence to the required fasting duration before undergoing medical analysis. Although many laboratories have already protocols for blood-sample collection that require only a 6-hour fast, clinical guidelines remain unclear on this aspect, and fasting periods of 12 hours are sometimes still recommended. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there are significant differences between the results obtained in patients' serum samples obtained post-fasting, 4 hours post-meal, and 6 hours post-meal for different predetermined parameters.

Materials and methods: 30 volunteers (16 females and 14 males) aged between 23 and 62 years were selected for this study. Each participant underwent an initial analysis after a 10-hour fast (baseline), a second analysis 4 hours after a controlled meal, and a third analysis 6 hours after the meal. The parameters studied correspond to previously selected biochemical, hematological, and coagulation tests. To assess if there are significant differences in the results obtained for each analyte, criteria based on the total allowable error (TEa) and the reference change value (RCV) were used.

Results: All parameters evaluated in this study met the criteria based on the RCV at both 4 and 6 hours, although some parameters did not meet TEa criteria.

Conclusions: The results obtained in this study demonstrated that a fasting period of 4 or 6 hours is sufficient to obtain reliable results. This could significantly improve the quality of life for patients undergoing analysis without compromising the quality of their results.