Translational Potential of Stem Cell-based Therapies in the Treatment of Neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury.

IF 4.5 3区医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI:10.1007/s12015-025-10905-9

Paulina Gebala, Justyna Janowska, Joanna Sypecka

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Abstract

Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia is a leading cause of neonatal death in both developed and developing countries. The consequences of hypoxic-ischemic injury affect the rest of the child's life, often resulting in intellectual or motor disability that persists into adulthood. To date, therapeutic hypothermia (TH) appears to be the only available intervention aimed at limiting brain injury and is recognized as the "gold standard" in neonatal intensive care. The basic mechanisms of neuroprotection achieved by temporal cooling involve the reduction of free radical activity, suppression of the inflammatory response after reperfusion and increased neuronal cell survival. However, the protective effects of hypothermia need to be enhanced by additional therapies that can enhance neuroprotection and support neuroregenerative processes. The components derived from the umbilical cord are thought to confer the above-mentioned beneficial effects. This review summarizes the clinical trials based on stem cell transplantation or umbilical cord milking and presents their effects when supported by official data. The great promise associated with the application of stem cells to neonates suffering from perinatal asphyxia is discussed in the context of the results of their clinical use.

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干细胞疗法在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤治疗中的转化潜力。

新生儿缺氧缺血是发达国家和发展中国家新生儿死亡的主要原因。缺氧缺血性损伤的后果会影响儿童的余生，通常会导致智力或运动障碍，并持续到成年。迄今为止，治疗性低温（TH）似乎是唯一可用的干预措施，旨在限制脑损伤，并被公认为新生儿重症监护的“金标准”。通过时间冷却实现神经保护的基本机制包括自由基活性的降低，再灌注后炎症反应的抑制和神经元细胞存活的增加。然而，低温的保护作用需要通过额外的治疗来增强神经保护和支持神经再生过程。从脐带中提取的成分被认为具有上述有益作用。本文综述了基于干细胞移植或脐带挤奶的临床试验，并在官方数据支持下介绍了它们的效果。在其临床应用结果的背景下，讨论了干细胞应用于围产期窒息新生儿的巨大希望。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports 医学-细胞生物学

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

4.20%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The purpose of Stem Cell Reviews and Reports is to cover contemporary and emerging areas in stem cell research and regenerative medicine. The journal will consider for publication: i) solicited or unsolicited reviews of topical areas of stem cell biology that highlight, critique and synthesize recent important findings in the field. ii) full length and short reports presenting original experimental work. iii) translational stem cell studies describing results of clinical trials using stem cells as therapeutics. iv) papers focused on diseases of stem cells. v) hypothesis and commentary articles as opinion-based pieces in which authors can propose a new theory, interpretation of a controversial area in stem cell biology, or a stem cell biology question or paradigm. These articles contain more speculation than reviews, but they should be based on solid rationale. vi) protocols as peer-reviewed procedures that provide step-by-step descriptions, outlined in sufficient detail, so that both experts and novices can apply them to their own research. vii) letters to the editor and correspondence. In order to facilitate this exchange of scientific information and exciting novel ideas, the journal has created five thematic sections, focusing on: i) the role of adult stem cells in tissue regeneration; ii) progress in research on induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells and mechanism governing embryogenesis and tissue development; iii) the role of microenvironment and extracellular microvesicles in directing the fate of stem cells; iv) mechanisms of stem cell trafficking, stem cell mobilization and homing with special emphasis on hematopoiesis; v) the role of stem cells in aging processes and cancerogenesis.