Physicochemical Modulation Strategies for Mass Production of Extracellular Vesicle.

IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q2 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING
Hyoeun Park, Young-Kwon Seo, Yoshie Arai, Soo-Hong Lee
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted expanded attention as vehicles for the diagnosis and therapy of diseases and regenerative medicine due to their biocompatibility, efficient cellular uptake ability, and capacity to transport biologically active molecules. However, the low secretion yield of EVs and the challenges of large-scale production remain the main barriers to their extensive clinical use.

Methods and results: This review explores recent strategies to enhance EV production in cell culture systems, focusing on chemical stimulation, mechanical stimulation, and structural stimulation. First, we review chemical stimulation strategies for modulating culture conditions using chemical stimulation, including nutrient composition, pH, temperature, oxygen levels, intracellular cholesterol, and oxidative stress. Second, we examine mechanical stimulation strategies, including shear stress, irradiation, and ultrasound. Third, we explore structural stimulation strategies, such as three-dimensional (3D) culture systems involving spheroid-based culture, as well as the use of bioreactors and scaffolds. In addition, cell-derived nanovesicles containing cell membrane and cellular component, which can be more easily mass-produced compared to EVs, are proposed as an alternative to EVs.

Conclusion: Future research should focus on developing cost-effective and scalable EV production methods while improving purification techniques to ensure a high yield without compromising functional integrity. Moreover, integrating optimized stimulation strategies-such as refining 3D culture systems, bioreactor designs, and mechanical stimulation methods-could further enhance EV secretion. Addressing these challenges is essential for advancing EV-based applications in both research and clinical practice.

细胞外囊泡大规模生产的理化调控策略。
背景:细胞外囊泡(EVs)由于其生物相容性、高效的细胞摄取能力和运输生物活性分子的能力,作为疾病诊断和治疗和再生医学的载体,受到了越来越多的关注。然而,电动汽车的低分泌量和大规模生产的挑战仍然是其广泛临床应用的主要障碍。方法和结果:本文综述了最近在细胞培养系统中提高EV产生的策略,重点是化学刺激、机械刺激和结构刺激。首先,我们回顾了利用化学刺激调节培养条件的化学刺激策略,包括营养成分、pH值、温度、氧水平、细胞内胆固醇和氧化应激。其次,我们研究了机械刺激策略,包括剪切应力、辐射和超声波。第三,我们探索了结构刺激策略,如三维(3D)培养系统,包括球形培养,以及生物反应器和支架的使用。此外,与电动汽车相比,含有细胞膜和细胞成分的细胞源性纳米囊泡更容易大规模生产,被提议作为电动汽车的替代品。结论:未来的研究应侧重于开发具有成本效益和可扩展的电动汽车生产方法,同时改进纯化技术,以确保高产量而不影响功能完整性。此外,整合优化的刺激策略,如完善3D培养系统、生物反应器设计和机械刺激方法,可以进一步促进EV分泌。解决这些挑战对于在研究和临床实践中推进基于电动汽车的应用至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING-ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
5.60%
发文量
83
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (Tissue Eng Regen Med, TERM), the official journal of the Korean Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Society, is a publication dedicated to providing research- based solutions to issues related to human diseases. This journal publishes articles that report substantial information and original findings on tissue engineering, medical biomaterials, cells therapy, stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.
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