Tayseer I. Al-Naggar , Sultan J. Alsufyani , A. Saftah , Nadi Mlihan Alresheedi
{"title":"Evaluation of Radon-222 concentrations in hair coloring products in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Tayseer I. Al-Naggar , Sultan J. Alsufyani , A. Saftah , Nadi Mlihan Alresheedi","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.101683","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The radiological properties of hair dye products sold in Najran City, Saudi Arabia, are thoroughly documented in this study's database. It displays the effective radium content (Ra-226), radon exhalation rates, radon emanation coefficients, radon-222 (Rn-222) concentrations, and related radiological risk indicators. 39 samples of hair dye, both domestically and imported, were gathered for examination from nearby marketplaces. The radon concentrations and emission behavior in hair dyes have never been evaluated in the area before. A closed detection chamber system based on solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs), more especially CR-39 polymer detectors, was used to quantify the amounts of Rn-222 activity. There was no immediate radiological health issue because the average Rn-222 concentration for all samples was found to be within the 100 Bq/m<sup>3</sup> level that the World Health Organization recommends (WHO, 2009). With a mean value of 10.55 ± 3.30 Bq/kg, the observed values of Ra-226 varied from 0.78 ± 0.39 to 25.15 ± 2.28 Bq/kg. Additionally, all of the samples' radon emanation coefficients had comparatively constant values, indicating uniformity in the dynamics of radon emission from the hair color product matrix. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and effective equivalent alpha dose calculations fell within the safety ranges advised by global radiation protection organizations. These results highlight the significance of regular monitoring of naturally occurring radioactive elements (NORMs) in consumer goods and establish a baseline for radiological safety in cosmetic items.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1687850725003954","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The radiological properties of hair dye products sold in Najran City, Saudi Arabia, are thoroughly documented in this study's database. It displays the effective radium content (Ra-226), radon exhalation rates, radon emanation coefficients, radon-222 (Rn-222) concentrations, and related radiological risk indicators. 39 samples of hair dye, both domestically and imported, were gathered for examination from nearby marketplaces. The radon concentrations and emission behavior in hair dyes have never been evaluated in the area before. A closed detection chamber system based on solid-state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs), more especially CR-39 polymer detectors, was used to quantify the amounts of Rn-222 activity. There was no immediate radiological health issue because the average Rn-222 concentration for all samples was found to be within the 100 Bq/m3 level that the World Health Organization recommends (WHO, 2009). With a mean value of 10.55 ± 3.30 Bq/kg, the observed values of Ra-226 varied from 0.78 ± 0.39 to 25.15 ± 2.28 Bq/kg. Additionally, all of the samples' radon emanation coefficients had comparatively constant values, indicating uniformity in the dynamics of radon emission from the hair color product matrix. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) and effective equivalent alpha dose calculations fell within the safety ranges advised by global radiation protection organizations. These results highlight the significance of regular monitoring of naturally occurring radioactive elements (NORMs) in consumer goods and establish a baseline for radiological safety in cosmetic items.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences provides a high quality medium for the publication of substantial, original and scientific and technological papers on the development and applications of nuclear, radiation and isotopes in biology, medicine, drugs, biochemistry, microbiology, agriculture, entomology, food technology, chemistry, physics, solid states, engineering, environmental and applied sciences.