[Effects of Pregnancy on Sexuality, Physical Activity, and Well-Being of Women During Pregnancy].

Abstract

Pregnancy induces significant physical and emotional changes affecting sexual behavior and maternal well-being. This study examined these changes and the possible influence of fetal sex.A total of 320 women with singleton pregnancies in early gestation participated. For analysis, 296 complete questionnaires were included; miscarriages and fetal anomalies were excluded.After pregnancy onset, 27% reported ceasing intercourse; overall frequency declined significantly (p<0.001). Women over 30 showed a stronger decline (p=0.035). Physical activity decreased especially in women under 30 (p=0.038). No significant difference was found between primigravida and multigravida (p=0.173). Common symptoms included low energy (78%), poor sleep (59%), nausea (55%), constipation (49%), increased appetite (46%), and mood swings (45%). Fetal sex had no significant influence on most symptoms (p>0.05). However, concentration problems were more frequent with female fetuses (p=0.024), hair loss with male fetuses (p=0.038). Changes in vaginal discharge occurred more often when fetal sex differed from previous pregnancies (p=0.025).Pregnancy leads to marked changes in sexual behavior, physical activity, and well-being. Understanding these can support more personalized and compassionate prenatal care.