Molecular basis governing diapause and pigmentation in the hawthorn spider mite, Amphitetranychus viennensis.

IF 4.4 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY
Jing Yang, Yuanpeng Duan, Yifei Wang, Yuying Zhang, Meibin Liu, Zhonghuan Zhang, Xuguo Zhou, Meifeng Ren
{"title":"Molecular basis governing diapause and pigmentation in the hawthorn spider mite, Amphitetranychus viennensis.","authors":"Jing Yang, Yuanpeng Duan, Yifei Wang, Yuying Zhang, Meibin Liu, Zhonghuan Zhang, Xuguo Zhou, Meifeng Ren","doi":"10.1186/s12915-025-02258-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diapause is a physiological adaptation that evolves in arthropods to cope with unfavorable environmental conditions. By synchronizing their development and reproduction to seasonal variations, these animals can maximize their odds to survive adverse conditions. Among the environmental cues that trigger diapause, photoperiod is the most extensively studied. The hawthorn spider mite, Amphitetranychus viennensis, is one of the most devastating arthropod pests in fruit trees and woody ornamental plants. Overwintering females undergo a reproductive facultative diapause when A. viennensis immatures are exposed to long nights, which is consistent with the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying diapause in A. viennensis remain unexplored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we first developed a photoperiodic diapause bioassay for A. viennensis and identified protochrysalis, a non-feeding resting stage between the larva and protonymph, as a crucial developmental stage for diapause induction. We then identified six genes related to the carotenoid pathway, including three involved in synthesis, AvPD, AvLC/PS1, and AvLC/PS2, and the other three associated with metabolism, AvBCO1, AvBCO2, and AvCYP384A1. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that AvPD, AvLC/PS1, and AvLC/PS2 were acquired through horizontal transfer from fungi. Finally, functional characterization using RNA interference (RNAi) demonstrated that AvPD, AvLC/PS1, AvBCO2, and AvCYP384A1 contribute to pigmentation, while AvPD, AvLC/PS1, and AvBCO1 are involved in the regulation of diapause in A. viennensis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study not only advances our current knowledge on the molecular basis governing pigmentation and diapause, but also sheds light on the development of long-term sustainable management strategies for these polyphagous herbivores in spider mites in general and A. viennensis in particular.</p>","PeriodicalId":9339,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biology","volume":"23 1","pages":"152"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMC Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-025-02258-z","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Diapause is a physiological adaptation that evolves in arthropods to cope with unfavorable environmental conditions. By synchronizing their development and reproduction to seasonal variations, these animals can maximize their odds to survive adverse conditions. Among the environmental cues that trigger diapause, photoperiod is the most extensively studied. The hawthorn spider mite, Amphitetranychus viennensis, is one of the most devastating arthropod pests in fruit trees and woody ornamental plants. Overwintering females undergo a reproductive facultative diapause when A. viennensis immatures are exposed to long nights, which is consistent with the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying diapause in A. viennensis remain unexplored.

Results: Here, we first developed a photoperiodic diapause bioassay for A. viennensis and identified protochrysalis, a non-feeding resting stage between the larva and protonymph, as a crucial developmental stage for diapause induction. We then identified six genes related to the carotenoid pathway, including three involved in synthesis, AvPD, AvLC/PS1, and AvLC/PS2, and the other three associated with metabolism, AvBCO1, AvBCO2, and AvCYP384A1. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that AvPD, AvLC/PS1, and AvLC/PS2 were acquired through horizontal transfer from fungi. Finally, functional characterization using RNA interference (RNAi) demonstrated that AvPD, AvLC/PS1, AvBCO2, and AvCYP384A1 contribute to pigmentation, while AvPD, AvLC/PS1, and AvBCO1 are involved in the regulation of diapause in A. viennensis.

Conclusions: This study not only advances our current knowledge on the molecular basis governing pigmentation and diapause, but also sheds light on the development of long-term sustainable management strategies for these polyphagous herbivores in spider mites in general and A. viennensis in particular.

山楂蜘蛛螨滞育和色素沉着的分子基础。
背景:滞育是节肢动物为应对不利环境条件而进化出的一种生理适应。通过使它们的发育和繁殖与季节变化同步,这些动物可以最大限度地提高它们在不利条件下生存的几率。在引发滞育的环境因素中,光周期是研究最广泛的。山楂蜘蛛螨(Amphitetranychus viennensis)是果树和木本观赏植物中最具破坏性的节肢动物害虫之一。越冬雌虫在长时间的夜间暴露时,会发生生殖兼性滞育,这与荨麻疹叶螨的双斑蜘蛛螨一致。然而,尚不清楚维也纳野蜂滞育的分子机制。结果:本研究首次建立了光周期滞育生物测定方法,确定了原蛹(介于幼虫和原淋巴之间的非摄食休息阶段)是诱导滞育的关键发育阶段。随后,我们确定了6个与类胡萝卜素途径相关的基因,包括3个与合成相关的基因,AvPD、AvLC/PS1和AvLC/PS2,以及另外3个与代谢相关的基因,AvBCO1、AvBCO2和AvCYP384A1。系统发育分析表明,AvPD、AvLC/PS1和AvLC/PS2是通过真菌水平转移获得的。最后,利用RNA干扰(RNAi)技术进行功能表征,发现AvPD、AvLC/PS1、AvBCO2和AvCYP384A1参与色素沉着,而AvPD、AvLC/PS1和AvBCO1参与了维也纳野鸡滞育的调控。结论:本研究不仅提高了我们目前对色素沉着和滞育的分子基础的认识,而且为制定长期可持续的管理策略提供了启示,这些多食食草动物一般是蜘蛛螨,特别是维也纳蜘蛛。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
BMC Biology
BMC Biology 生物-生物学
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
1.90%
发文量
260
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: BMC Biology is a broad scope journal covering all areas of biology. Our content includes research articles, new methods and tools. BMC Biology also publishes reviews, Q&A, and commentaries.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信