Ginkgo biloba flavonoids: Analysis of functions, regulatory mechanisms, and extraction.

IF 3.6 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Plant Biology Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI:10.1111/plb.70054
C Wang, W Zhang, Y Liao, J Ye, F Xu, Q Wang
{"title":"Ginkgo biloba flavonoids: Analysis of functions, regulatory mechanisms, and extraction.","authors":"C Wang, W Zhang, Y Liao, J Ye, F Xu, Q Wang","doi":"10.1111/plb.70054","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ginkgo biloba L. is a protected relict species of the genus Ginkgo in the Ginkgoaceae family that is valued for its ornamental, economic, and medicinal properties. Flavonoids, the primary medicinal components in G. biloba, have anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. They specifically inhibit xanthine oxidase and platelet-activating factor receptors, making them effective in treating Alzheimer's disease and hypertension. The breeding of G. biloba typically focuses on selecting and cultivating tree varieties with high flavonoid content. At the molecular level, structural genes and regulatory factors (transcription factors and noncoding RNA) can directly control flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas external environmental factors indirectly regulate it. From a production perspective, improving extraction techniques can effectively address current low flavonoid yields. Advanced extraction technologies, which reduce solvent use and increase both efficiency and yield to meet market demand, are emerging. This review highlights structural genes and regulatory factors (noncoding RNAs and transcription factors) involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, explores how abiotic factors influence flavonoid accumulation, and outlines optimal extraction methods for increasing the flavonoid content in G. biloba. Ultimately, this research aims to provide valuable insights for future production practices and scientific research that will enhance the medicinal and commercial value of G. biloba.</p>","PeriodicalId":220,"journal":{"name":"Plant Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.70054","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ginkgo biloba L. is a protected relict species of the genus Ginkgo in the Ginkgoaceae family that is valued for its ornamental, economic, and medicinal properties. Flavonoids, the primary medicinal components in G. biloba, have anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. They specifically inhibit xanthine oxidase and platelet-activating factor receptors, making them effective in treating Alzheimer's disease and hypertension. The breeding of G. biloba typically focuses on selecting and cultivating tree varieties with high flavonoid content. At the molecular level, structural genes and regulatory factors (transcription factors and noncoding RNA) can directly control flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas external environmental factors indirectly regulate it. From a production perspective, improving extraction techniques can effectively address current low flavonoid yields. Advanced extraction technologies, which reduce solvent use and increase both efficiency and yield to meet market demand, are emerging. This review highlights structural genes and regulatory factors (noncoding RNAs and transcription factors) involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, explores how abiotic factors influence flavonoid accumulation, and outlines optimal extraction methods for increasing the flavonoid content in G. biloba. Ultimately, this research aims to provide valuable insights for future production practices and scientific research that will enhance the medicinal and commercial value of G. biloba.

银杏叶总黄酮:功能、调控机制及提取分析。
银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.)是银杏科银杏属的一种受保护的遗存物种,具有观赏、经济和药用价值。黄酮类化合物是枇杷中的主要药用成分,具有抗炎、抗癌和抗氧化作用。它们特异性地抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶和血小板活化因子受体,使它们对治疗阿尔茨海默病和高血压有效。黄芪选育的重点是选择和培育黄酮类化合物含量高的树种。在分子水平上,结构基因和调控因子(转录因子和非编码RNA)可直接调控黄酮类化合物的生物合成,而外部环境因子可间接调控黄酮类化合物的生物合成。从生产角度来看,改进提取技术可以有效地解决目前黄酮类化合物产量低的问题。先进的萃取技术,减少溶剂的使用,提高效率和产量,以满足市场需求,正在兴起。本文综述了参与黄酮类化合物生物合成的结构基因和调控因子(非编码rna和转录因子),探讨了非生物因素对黄酮类化合物积累的影响,并概述了提高黄酮类化合物含量的最佳提取方法。最终,本研究旨在为未来的生产实践和科学研究提供有价值的见解,以提高双歧杆菌的药用和商业价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Plant Biology
Plant Biology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
2.60%
发文量
109
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Plant Biology is an international journal of broad scope bringing together the different subdisciplines, such as physiology, molecular biology, cell biology, development, genetics, systematics, ecology, evolution, ecophysiology, plant-microbe interactions, and mycology. Plant Biology publishes original problem-oriented full-length research papers, short research papers, and review articles. Discussion of hot topics and provocative opinion articles are published under the heading Acute Views. From a multidisciplinary perspective, Plant Biology will provide a platform for publication, information and debate, encompassing all areas which fall within the scope of plant science.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信