Utilization of floating photovoltaic systems in mine pit lakes and tailings ponds

Abstract

Floating photovoltaic (FPV) systems are gaining traction as an innovative renewable energy solution, especially in areas where land is scarce or highly contested. Unlike traditional ground-mounted solar farms, FPVs take advantage of unused water surfaces, improving module efficiency through natural cooling while also reducing land-use conflicts and conserving water. In recent years, the mining industry has turned its attention to FPVs, exploring their potential on mine pit lakes and tailings ponds—sites that would otherwise remain unutilized. This review takes a closer look at the practicality, benefits, and challenges of deploying FPVs in mining environments. By analyzing real-world case studies, we highlight how these systems could support sustainable mining efforts, carbon reduction targets, and energy security, all while optimizing land and water resources. However, critical questions remain, particularly regarding long-term environmental impact, site-specific engineering challenges, and overall cost-effectiveness. Further research is essential to refine FPV technology for wider adoption in the mining sector.