“Here, Let Me Do It for You”: Psychological Consequences of Receiving Direct and Indirect Help in Childhood

IF 3.9 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Child development Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI:10.1111/cdev.14259

Jellie Sierksma, Eddie Brummelman

引用次数: 0

Abstract

What are the psychological consequences of receiving direct and indirect help in childhood? We conducted three preregistered experiments (N = 619, 7–9 years, 80% Dutch, 51% girls, 49% boys, mostly higher socioeconomic status) in the Netherlands (July 2020–July 2022). Children received direct help (correct answer), indirect help (hint), or no help. An internal meta-analysis showed that children who received help felt less competent, liked the task less, and felt more in need of help. Children who received help also sought fewer challenges (Study 3). Effect sizes were modest. Direct and indirect help had largely similar effects, except that children disliked and misreported receiving direct help more. Thus, despite being well-intentioned, direct and indirect help can be discouraging.

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“来，让我为你做”：童年时期接受直接和间接帮助的心理后果

童年时期接受直接和间接帮助的心理后果是什么？我们在荷兰（2020年7月至2022年7月）进行了三个预注册实验（N = 619, 7-9岁，80%荷兰人，51%女孩，49%男孩，大多数社会经济地位较高）。孩子们得到了直接帮助（正确答案），间接帮助（提示），或者没有帮助。一项内部荟萃分析显示，接受帮助的孩子感觉能力较差，不太喜欢这项任务，更需要帮助。接受帮助的儿童也较少寻求挑战（研究3）。效应量是适度的。直接帮助和间接帮助的效果大体相似，只是孩子们更不喜欢和误报接受直接帮助。因此，尽管本意是好的，但直接或间接的帮助可能会令人沮丧。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Child development Multiple-

CiteScore

9.20

自引率

4.30%

发文量

149

期刊介绍： As the flagship journal of the Society for Research in Child Development (SRCD), Child Development has published articles, essays, reviews, and tutorials on various topics in the field of child development since 1930. Spanning many disciplines, the journal provides the latest research, not only for researchers and theoreticians, but also for child psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, psychiatric social workers, specialists in early childhood education, educational psychologists, special education teachers, and other researchers. In addition to six issues per year of Child Development, subscribers to the journal also receive a full subscription to Child Development Perspectives and Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development.