[Shift workers and the circadian rhythms].

Abstract

Disruptions to our biological clock can lead to metabolic consequences. Shift workers are therefore predisposed to chronic diseases. Chronobiology refers to the rhythms of bodily functions, being controlled by clock genes. These inherent circadian rhythms are synchronized to a 24-hour period by daylight and behavior. Chrononutrition emphasizes the importance of timing eating for optimal health. While circadian variations in response to food were observed decades ago, there is now a renewed interest in this area. It is recommended to have breakfast, to maintain regular times for eating during the day and to avoid night eating. In the workplace, promoting healthy eating habits involves providing meal breaks, optimizing the physical meal environment, and providing guidance on mealtimes for both work hours and leisure time. Further systematic studies are needed to fully understand the impact of chrononutrition on overall health. Nordic Nutrition Recommendations do not include meal patterns.